Blood Supply Flashcards
Where does the common carotid bifurcate?
The level of the superior border of the thyroid cartilage
Common carotid artery splits into…
these supply?
external caroid artery (anterior) branches to the face
Internal carotid artery (posterior) goes into the skull to supply blood to the brain
Where does the dural venous sinus receive blood from?
The large veins that drain the brain
What type of haemorrhage do you get if the middle meningeal artery is ruptured at the pterion?
Extradural haemorrhage
What are the dural venous sinuses?
Endothelium-lined spaces between the periosteal and meningeal layers of the dura mater. They form the dura septae.
What can be found in the cavernous sinus?
Internal carotid artery Oculomotor nerve Trochlear n. Abducens n. Trigeminal n. - V1 and V2
Where do the branches of the internal carotid arise from and where do they go?
The brain , Internal carotid does not give off branches in the neck Enters skull through carotid canal Forms the circle of Willis
What is the main blood supply to the scalp?
Middle meningeal artery
How can infection of the scalp spread to the cranial cavity and affect the meninges?
Veins of the scalp connect to the diploic veins of the skull via several valveless emissary veins and therefore connect to the rural venous sinuses.
How can infection get to the dural venous sinuses?
From facial vein, to pterygoid plexus to the dural venous sinuses
What is in the carotid body?
Peripheral chemoreceptors for detection of arterial oxygen
Where do the deep facial veins drain into?
Pterygoid venous plexus
Brachionschphelic artery is……..
Then it divides into two
short
right common carotid artery, right subclavian artery
Artery and veins….
Veins tend to be more…..
run together
Superfical
Six branches of the external carotid and the terminal branches?
Superior thyroid, Ascending pharyngeal, Lingual ,Facial Occipital, Posterior auricular
Terminal branches: Maxillary Superficial temporal
Stop Alcohol Late Friday Or Puke More Saturday
Where can thrombophlebitis of the facial vein travel to?
This is an infected clot. To the intracranial venous system
Branches of the internal carotid that supply the scalp?
Ophthalmic branches to give: -Supra-orbital -Supra-trochlea
Where do the vertebral arteries supply?
The brain along with the internal carotid arteries
what 3 arteries does the curved aortic trunk give off?
1st. brachiocephalic trunk
2nd. left common carotid artery
3rd. left subclavian artery
First brach of external carotid artery?
Name the branches?
where does it end?
superior thyroid artery
Lingual artery, facial artery, occiptal artery and maxillary artery
superifical temporal artery
Carotid Sinus
- baroreceptor (type of mechanoreceptor)
- detects BP
- info used to regulate heart rate
- at very end of common carotid or very beginning of internal carotid
- info goes to medulla
What two structure do we find when the common carotid arterty splits?
why important
carotid sinus
Carotid body
find chemorecptors and baronrecptors (site in the body where the brain is samplying the blood composition and blood pressure, homeostatus control)
Where is the cavernous sinus?
On the upper surface of the sphenoid bone
Name the superficial arteries of the face
External carotid: -facial -superior and inferior labial -maxillary -lateral nasal -angular -transverse facial Internal carotid: -supratrochlear -supraorbital
What is the carotid sinus?
Swelling in the region of the bifurcation
What does the facial vein communicate with at the medial angle of the eye and where does it drain to?
Superior ophthalmic Cavernous sinus
Where do most of the veins of the face drain into?
Facial vein -> internal jugular vein
internal jugular vein drains blood from…
into the..
this goes into the
This vein is longer on the …
when the two internal jugualr veins meet they form..
the brain
subclavian vein
Brachioschpalic vein
left
The superior vena cava
What is in the cavernous sinus?
Thin-walled veins Internal carotid artery Cranial nerves -occulomotor -trochlear -abducent -trigeminal - ophthalmic and maxillary
Where do some deep parts in the temporal region of the scalp drain into?
Pterygoid plexus
What is a craniotomy and how is the blood supply preserved?
Allows access to the cranial cavity Bone and scalp flap are reflected inferiorly
the maxiallry artery comes from the external carodtid artery and goes….
The maxillary artery gives of the …. it goes…
into the deep face
middle meningeal artery ….goes insde the skull
What is the blood supply to the dura and the skull?
External carotid -> maxillary artery -> middle meningeal artery -> anterior and posterior branches
Carotid Body
- chemoreceptor
- detect concentration of oxygen in blood
- info used to regulate respiration rate
- small red-ish, brown oval mass of tissue
- info goes to medulla
What is located in the carotid sinus?
Baroreceptors for detecting changes in arterial BP
Name the dural venous sinuses
Sigmoid sinus Transverse sinus Superior saggital sinus Inferior saggital sinus Cavernous sinus
Where does the sigmoid sinus go?
Continues as the internal jugular vein Exits via the jugular foramen
Where do the vertebral arteries arise from?
The subclavian arteries
Where do the vertebral arteries go?
Ascend though the transverse foramina in cervical vertebrae 6-1
