Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Anatomy > The skull > Flashcards

The skull Flashcards

1
Q

what makes up the skull?

A

cranium + mandible

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

what does the first pair of gill bars become in vertebrates?

A

becomes the jaw

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

what does the second pair of gill bars become?

A

supportive structure of the jaw

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

The brain case bones mainly endochondral bones- which bones are these

A
  • occipital
  • ethmoid
  • sphenoid
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

what are the joints between endochondral bones called?

A

synchondroses

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

what are the two types of bones of the skull?

A

endochondral -braincase ( starts are cartilage and develops into bone)
and
dermal bone -skull roof

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Bone of the dermal skull roof are developed from

A

mesenchyme

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What are the joints between dermal bone called?

A

sutures

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

what is the “soft spot “

A

this is the FONTANELLE- this is where parietal and frontal bone join

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

what is it called when joints fuse ?

A

synostosis - either kind of bone fusion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

the tympanic bulla contains what?

A

the middle ear structures- 3 ossicles

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

what attaches to the nuchal crest?

A

neck muscles

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

morphology of the sagittal crest is dependent on

A

depends on the size of the temporalis muscle and the brain size
the diet also influences the morphology

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

compare sagittal crest of large dogs to small dogs

A

small dogs lack a sagittal crest, instead they have TWO temporal lines

large dogs have a better defined sagittal crest

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

what muscle acts as an antagonist of the temporal muscle?

A

digastricus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

what structures attach to the mastoid process?

A

hyoid apparatus
cleidocephalicus
sternocephalicus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

what is the origin and insertion of digastricus muscle?

A

origin: paracondylar process
insertion: body of the mandible

18
Q

T or F : The jaw joint is higher in herbivores than in carnivores

A

TRUE

19
Q

what helps protect the brain besides the skull bones?

A

the paranasal sinuses, especially the frontal sinus

20
Q

Ruminants frontal sinus

A

they have a rostral and caudal frontal sinus

the caudal frontal sinus extends into the horns- corneal diverticulum sinus

21
Q

what are the maxillary sinuses called in dogs?

A

maxillary recesses

22
Q

what bone bounds the nasal cavity?

A

cribiform plate of ethmoid- caudally
hard palate- ventrally
nasal bone- dorsally

divided by the cartilaginous nasal septum

23
Q

sense of smell is localized to

A

ethmoturbinals- which project rostrally into the nasal cavity from the cribiform plate
ethmoturbinals- covered in olfactory epithelium

24
Q

the dorsal and ventral turbinates arise from

A

dorsal- nasal bone

ventral- maxillary bone

25
Q

turbinates + mucosa=

A

conchae

26
Q

what are the meatuses?

A

these are passages through the nasal cavity

  • dorsal
  • ventral
  • middle
  • common
27
Q

ventral meatus

A

located: between ventral conchae and maxillary bone

- most direct ( out of all the meatuses ) passage to the trachea, pharynx, larynx

28
Q

common meatus?

A

between both dorsal and ventral concha and nasal septum

29
Q

respiratory flow goes through which meatuses?

A

ventral - meatuses

and middle meatuses

30
Q

olfactory flow goes through which meatuses?

A

dorsal meatus

31
Q

what is the junction between the nasal cavity and nasopharynx called?

A

choana

32
Q

the oropharynx is caudal to the

A

palatoglossal arch

33
Q

oral cavity is under what kind of control?

A

voluntary

34
Q

salivary glands deposit where?

A

in the vestibule

vestibule- space where food is stored, its the space between teeth and gums

35
Q

food in the oropharynx is under

A

autonomic reflex

36
Q

how does the vomeronasal organ communicate with the oral cavity?

A

through the incisive duct( near the incisive papilla)

travel: palatine fissure –> incisive duct — incisive papilla

Opens on the incisive papilla

37
Q

whats the behavior associated with the vomeronasal organ called?

A

flehmen

38
Q

what does the hyomandibular become in vertebrates?

A

its no longer used to support the jaw

it becomes one of the ear ossicles (STAPES)

39
Q

Reptile jaw joint is between what two bones?

A

quadrate and articular

40
Q

whats the bone that mammals have as their mandible/jaw?

A

dentary

41
Q

what do the articular and quadrate bones become in mammals?

A

I-Q quadrate bone becomes the incus

A-M articular becomes the malleus

Anatomy (3 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions