The Skeletal System Flashcards
What is bone tissue
Specialised connective tissue, its strong, high capacity for self repair and can alter its properties and configuration in response to mechanical demand
What does marrow produce in some bones
Blood cells
On average how many red blood cells are produced each second by bone marrow to replace those worn out and destroyed by the liver
2.6 million
What minerals do bones store in them
Minerals such as calcium and phosphorus
When the supply of minerals is low in the blood such as calcium and phosphorus what do the bones do
Replenish the supply
What are tendons and ligaments composed of
Dense connective tissue consisting largely of collagen, a tough, fibrous protein
What is the role of ligaments and joint capsules, which connect bone to bone
They increase the mechanical stability of the joints
What is the function of of tendons
They act as an anchor between muscle and bone, thereby allowing joint motion
What does the skeletal muscle allow the body to perform
Movement by dynamic work (body movement) and static work (maintenance of body posture)
What systems interact to allow body movement
Muscular and skeletal
The muscular and skeletal systems are often grouped together and called what system
Musculoskeletal system
What connects the muscles to the bones
Tendons
Bones are connected to each other with what
Ligaments
What does the axial skeleton protect
Internal organs
What is the primary function of the appendicular skeleton
Movement
What is the connective tissue that is often inserted between bones that form a joint and that eliminates friction between articulating bones
Cartilage
What are fibrous bands that enhance the stability of the joints by connecting the articulating bones and holds them together like straps of duct tape
Ligaments
What are small sacs filled with fluid, found between elements of busy joints that have a lot of associated muscles and ligaments and also cushion the joint and prevent friction
Bursae
What does the skeletal system provide for our body
Shape, stability and protect internal organs
How many bones are in the skull
22
How many hyoid bones do we have
1
How many bones are in the vertebrae
32
How many rib bones do we have
24
How many sternum bones do we have
1
How many bones do we have in the pectoral girdle
4 (scapula and clavicle)
How many bones do we have in the arms and forearms
6 (humerus, ulna and radius)
How many bones are in the wrists and hands
54 (carpals, metacarpals and phalanges)
How many bones are in the pelvis
3 (hip bone, sacrum, coccyx)
What are the three parts that form the bony pelvis
Pubis, ilium, ischium
How many bones are in the thighs and legs
8 (femur, patella, tibia, fibula)
How many bones are in the ankles and feet
52 (tarsals, metatarsals, phalanges)
Why do we have bumps, ridges and grooves on the surface of bones
They provide attachment sites for the skeletal muscles
The soft tissue called marrow that is contained in many bones produce and store what
It produces new blood cells and stores fat
How many bones are in the skull
22
The skull is divided between what 2 parts
Neurocranium (brain case)
Viscerocranium (Facial skeleton)
What is the bony case that protects the brain and organs of special senses
The skull
What is the cranial bone of the skull that surrounds the back and base regions of the brain
Occipital
Which bone plays a critical role in the movement of the upper airway
Hyoid bone
What are the four regions in the vertebrae
Cervical
Thoracic
Lumber
Sacrum & coccyx
What does the rib cage consist of
Thoracic vertebrae
Twelve pairs of ribs
Sternum
What are the first seven ribs attached to the sternum called
True ribs
The acetabulum of the hip bone and the head of what bone articulates to form the hip (coxal) joint
The femur
Out of the male and female which pelvis is wider and shallower
Female
How many bones are in the appendicular skeleton
126
What bones are in the pectoral girdle
2 Scapula, 2 Clavicle
How many bones are in the arms and forearms
6
What bones are on the arms and forearms
Humerus, ulna, radius
How many bones are in the wrists and hands
54
What are the bones in the wrists and hands
Carpals, metacarpals, phalanges
