The Shoulder

Question 1

Of what does the Shoulder Girdle consist?

Answer 1

The Clavicle and Scapula

Question 2

What is the purpose of the Shoulder Girdle?

Answer 2

Connects the Arm to the Axial Skeleton

Question 3

Name 4 joints of the Shoulder Girdle

Answer 3

Sternoclavicular Joint (SCJ)
Acromioclavicular Joint (ACJ)
Scapulothoracic Joint
Glenohumeral Joint (Shoulder Joint)

Question 4

What type of Joint is the Glenohumeral?

Answer 4

Ball and Socket (synovial)

Question 5

Name 4 Extracapsular Ligaments of the shoulder

Answer 5

Coracoclavicular
Coracoacromial
Coracohumeral
Glenohumeral

Question 6

Name the Rotator Cuff Muscles

Answer 6

Supraspinatus (Suprascapular N.)
Infraspinatus (Suprascapular N.)
Teres Minor (Axillary N.)
Subscapularis (Upper and Lower Subscapular N.)

Question 7

Outline the roles of the Rotator Cuff Muscles

Answer 7

Important stabilisers of the Shoulder Joint
Supraspinatus initiates abduction of Shoulder
Infraspinatus and Teres Minor externally rotate Shoulder
Subscapularis internally rotates the Shoulder

Question 8

What lies within the Subacromial Space? (Between acromian and humeral head)

Answer 8

Subacromial Bursa
Rotator Cuff Tendons
Capsule
Long Head of Biceps

Question 9

The first 90 degrees of abduction of Shoulder are facilitated by which muscles?

Answer 9

Supraspinatus (0-15 degrees)

Deltoid (15-90 degrees)

Question 10

Which Joint is involved in the first 90 degrees of Shoulder abduction?

Answer 10

Glenohumeral Joint

Question 11

Shoulder abduction past 90 degrees is facilitated by which muscles?

Answer 11

Upper Trapezius and Serratus Anterior

Question 12

Which Joint is involved in Shoulder abduction past 90 degrees?

Answer 12

Scapulo-thoracic Joint

Question 13

Which Muscles are responsible for Adduction of Shoulder?

Answer 13

Pectoralis Major (Pectoral Ns.)
Latissimus Dorsi (Thoracodorsal N.)
Teres Major (Thoracodorsal N.)

Question 14

Which Muscles are responsible for Flexion of the Shoulder?

Answer 14

Anterior Fibres Deltoid (Axillary N.)
Pectoralis Major (Pectoral Ns.)
Coracobrachialis (Musculocutaneous N.)
Biceps Brachii (Musculocutaneous N.)

Question 15

Which Muscles are responsible for Extension of the Shoulder?

Answer 15

Posterior Fibres Deltoid (Axillary N.)
Latissimus Dorsi (Thoracodorsal N.)
Teres Major (Thoracodorsal N.)

Question 16

Which Muscles are responsible for Internal Rotation of the Shoulder?

Answer 16

Subscapularis (Upper and Lower Subscapular Ns.)
Teres Major (Thoracodorsal N.)
Pectoralis Major (Pectoral Ns.)
Latissimus Dorsi (Thoracodorsal N.)

Question 17

Which Muscles are responsible for External Rotation of the Shoulder?

Answer 17

Infraspinatus (Suprascapular N.)
Teres Minor (Thoracodorsal N.)

Question 18

Which Arteries are most at risk in Shoulder dislocation?

Answer 18

Anterior and Posterior Circumflex Humeral

Question 19

What are the 2 types of Glenohumeral stabiliser?

Answer 19

Static, and Dynamic

Question 20

Name the Static Glenohumeral Stabilisers/Factors

Answer 20

Articular Congruency 
Glenoid Labrum 
Capsule 
GH Ligaments 
Extra-capsular Ligaments
Negative Intra-articular Pressure

Question 21

Name the Dynamic Glenohumeral Stabilisers/Factors

Answer 21

Rotator Cuff Muscles
Biceps Brachii
Muscles Crossing the Shoulder