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PSY101 > The Senses > Flashcards

The Senses Flashcards

1
Q

What is syanaesthesia?

A

When there are links between different sensory modalities e.g. Seeing letters and numbers as coloured or sounds with flavours

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2
Q

What is ramachandran’s hypothesis of synaesthesia?

A

In early neonatal development, brain sensory regions are linked, then separate off later.. so maybe some links are retained in synaesthetes

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3
Q

What are measuring thresholds?

A

Boundary between two psychological states

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4
Q

What is an absolute threshold?

A

Minimal intensity needed to just barley detect a stimulus

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5
Q

What is just noticeable difference? (JND)

A

Webers law (constant proportion)

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6
Q

What is sensory adaptation?

A
  • over time we adapt to current conditions
  • we stop ‘perceiving’ certain things after a while
  • useful to prevent us constantly feeling our clothes or noticing the sound of our own breath
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7
Q

What does vision entail?

A
  • visual acuity
  • sensing light
  • properties of light waves
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8
Q

What are the properties of light waves?

A
  • length (hue)
  • amplitude (brightness)
  • purity (saturation/richness of colour)
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9
Q

What is the human eye made up of? (8 things)

A
  • cornea
  • pupil
  • light adaption
  • retina
  • accommodation
  • cones
  • rods
  • fovea
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10
Q

What is the ventral (below) stream?

A

Pathway across occipital lobe into lower levels of temporal lobes (shape and identity)

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11
Q

What is the dorsal (above) stream?

A

Pathway that travels up from occipital lobe to parietal lobes (location and motion)

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12
Q

What is visual form agnosia?

A

Recognising objects by sight

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13
Q

Why is object recognition important?

A

Without it, all information would require effortful processing

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14
Q

What is modular view?

A

Specialised cells that help us detect specific items like houses or trees

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15
Q

What is distributed representation view?

A

Pattern of activity across cells adds up to a perception/recognition of the object

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16
Q

What are modular view and distributed representation view example of?

A

Feature detectors

17
Q

What is perceptual constancy?

A

Sensitive to change but notice the differences

18
Q

What is gestalt perceptual grouping rules?

A

Before object recognition can occur, grouping of images must occur

19
Q

What does grouping involve?

A

Visually separating an object from its surroundings

20
Q

What are 2 theories of object recognition?

A

Image-based (template/ what if we’ve never seen it before?)

Parts based (brain deconstructs image into parts

21
Q

What are some monocular cues to depth?

A
  • Linear perspective
  • Texture gradient
  • Interposition
  • Relative height in the image
22
Q

Explain how we perceive depth and size

A

Having space between the eyes means that each eye registers a slightly different view of the world. The difference in these views provides the brain with important and direct info about depth.

23
Q

What is motion parallax based on?

A

The movement of your head through space and time

24
Q

What is optic flow?

A

The movement of visual data that flows past as you move forward

25
Q

What are the three physical dimensions of sound?

A
  • frequency (perception of pitch)
  • amplitude (perception of loudness)
  • complexity (perception of timbre)
26
Q

What is involved in auditory transduction?

A
  • cochlea
  • basilar membrane
  • hair cells
27
Q

What is area a1?

A

A portion of the temporal lobes be that contains the primary auditory cortex

28
Q

What does place code mean?

A

The cochlea encodes different frequencies at different locations along the basilar membrane

29
Q

What does temporal code mean?

A

The cochlea registers low frequencies via the firing rate of action potentials entering the auditory nerve

30
Q

What is haptic perception?

A

Using the hands to explore our environment

31
Q

What are the different types of pain?

A

A-delta fibres (fast acting pain)
C fibres (longer lasting pain)
Referred pain
Gate-control theory

32
Q

What is the vestibular system?

A

Semicircular canals in ear (body position, movement and balance)

33
Q

What is the only sense directly connected to the forebrain?

A

Smell

34
Q

What are the five different types of taste bud?

A
  • salt
  • sour
  • bitter
  • sweet
  • umami (savoury)
35
Q

What are microvilli?

A

Taste bud receptors

PSY101 (3 decks)

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