The Science of Exercise

Question 1

Sedentary

Answer 1

Being inactive, little exercise, sitting too much. Is a substantial public health problem responsible for as much as a quarter million of deaths

Question 2

Cardiovascular training

Answer 2

Training that enhances how the body transports oxygen in the body

Question 3

Resistance training

Answer 3

Improves strength, increase in: muscle mass, bone density, and resting metabolic rate

Question 4

Fitness

Answer 4

Determined by how efficient they are at consuming oxygen, max oxygen consumption.

Question 5

VO2

Answer 5

Volume of oxygen consumed

Question 6

Resting Metabolic Rate (RMR)

Answer 6

The amount of calories the body burns when resting, depends on the amount of lean muscle mass one has

Question 7

Body composition

Answer 7

Percentages of muscle, fat, and bone in the human body

Question 8

Osteoporosis

Answer 8

Involves reduction in bone mass. At risk for more bone fractures. More common in women.

Question 9

Power

Answer 9

Ability to work hard for a relatively short period, burns calories quickly; high intensity for a couple of minutes
Ex). Rapidly going up 10 flights of stairs

Question 10

Work

Answer 10

Activities that offer modest benefits, burn calories at a low rate; low intensity for a long period of time
Ex) walking

Question 11

Aerobic Power

Answer 11

Ability to use oxygen efficiently

Question 12

HIIT

Answer 12

An alteration between intense dose of power and then moderate pace. Stands for high intensity interval training, common in sports

Question 13

Toning and Spot Reducing

Answer 13

Typical exercise programs offered to women but have no scientific basis

Question 14

Why are toning and spot reducing exercises myths?

Answer 14

Toning exercises are essentially strength training exercises, but they focus on building muscle endurance instead of strength. It was created to combat women’s fears of looking bulky even though many women are unable to achieve that.

Spot reducing exercises are not true as it is not biologically possible to reduce a specific spot on your body. The places on your body that gain fat as you gain weight comes off last when following an effective program

Question 15

Abdominal Adiposity

Answer 15

Excess fat/weight that develops around the center of the body; most dangerous for health; risk factor fo developing heart diseases, certain cancers, and diabete

Question 16

CVD

Answer 16

A major mediator between VO2 Max Fitness and Mortality; those who are more fit lower the chance of getting CVD, causing a lower risk of morality.

Question 17

Obesity

Answer 17

Increasing your VO2 Max Fitness reduces your abdominal fat. But, having abdominal fat could increase chance of having CVD, which increases mortality

Question 18

Cancer

Answer 18

Changing body composition will reduce the amount of fat, reducing the risk of cancers.
Fat is a risk factor for breast and colorectal cancers