The Rock Cycle Flashcards
What is a porphyritic texture.
when large crystals are scattered on a background of much smaller crystals
Do igneous rocks react with acid?
No because they don’t have anything living or organic in them.
List and explain the process that forms sedimentary rocks.
- Erosion- running water or wind loosen and carry the fragments of rocks
- Deposition- sediment settles out of the water or wind carrying it
- Compaction- sediments are pressed together
- Cementation- minerals in the rock slowly dissolve in the water
Define the types of sedimentary rock types.
- Clastic- rock fragments are squeezed together
- Organic- the remains of plants and animals are deposited in thick layers
- Chemical- minerals are dissolved in a solution and crystallize
What is coal formed from?
swamp plants buried in water
Where do most metamorphic rocks form?
beneath the Earth’s surface
define foliated give examples
- grains arranged in parallel layers or bands
- gneiss & slate
define non foliated give examples
- minerals are arranged randomly and don’t split into layers
- marble
What two factors are needed to form metamorphic rocks?
heat & pressure
What are the parent rocks of slate, marble, and quartzite?
slate- shale
marble- limestone
quartzite- sandstone
Igneous: What is rock formed from? Types Examples
- when magma pushes towards the earths surface and cools
- intrusive and extrusive
- granite and gabbro
Sedimentary: What is rock formed from? Types Examples
- pressure and cementing
- organic, chemical, clastic
- sandstone & shale
Metamorphic: What is rock formed from? Types Examples
- deep in the Earth by high temperatures, great pressure, and chemical reactions
- foliated and non-foliated
- marble and slate
Four rocks to remember
Pumice
Granite
Basalt
Obsidian
What is the most common intrusive and extrusive rock? Where can the intrusive rock be found? What does the extrusive rock make up?
Intrusive- Granite/ Mountain Ranges
Extrusive- Basalt/ the Earth’s Crust
