The Rise of SF Flashcards
what were the 11 reasons for the rise of SF?
- Handling of the Aftermath of the ER
- By-election
- Propaganda
- Organisation
- New Leadership
- Organisation at National Level( Ard-Fheis 1917)
- Death of Thomas Ashe
- Irish Convention 1917-1918
- The Conscription Crises
- The ‘German Plot’
- The Election of 1918
- what had the easter rising 1916 became known as
Sinn Fein Rebellion
how had the easter rising helped the rise of SF?
- propelled them into the forefront of Irish militant nationalism
- SF inherited the prestige and glory associated with the heroism and martyrdom of the rebels
what was the main cause of a ‘sea of change’ in nationalist opinion?
- secrecy of executions
- fuelled with wild rumours
- the poignancy of individual cases
what were 2 individual cases which created sympathy?
- terminally ill Jospeh Plunket was not allowed spend time with fiancee
- seriously wounded Connolly was shot sitting in a chair
how many executions were carried out?
15
- what jail were prisoners released from by Lloyd George?
Frongoch in Wales
when were they released?
December 1916
how many were released?
2000
what was the significance of the release of these prisoners?
- they were radicalised during their internment
- returned to ireland as ardently nationalistic and revolutionary in outlook
what two key figuers were included in the 1616 release and what was their significance?
- Michael Collins and Arthur Griffith
- provided SF with new dynanmic leaders
- who stood for election in a by-election in Roscommon?
George Plunkett (father Jospeh)
when was his by-election?
3rd february 1917
what did his campaign enecourage?
separatist elements to come together (Old SF, IRB, Cumann na mBan, Gaelic leagie, Volunteers)
what were the results of Plunkett’s victory?
won 3077 votes to IPP 1708
what was the significance of Plunkett’s vicotry in North Roscommon?
1st surprise victory = crucial development of SF
who ran for the South Longford by-election?
ran a volunteer prisoner in Lewes jail
when was the South Longford by-election?
9th may 1917
what was the significance of this by-election?
- gave the volunteers a role in SF
- resulted in release prisnorers of lewes jail (de Valera)
who won a stunning vicotry in East Clare?
De Valera
what was this stunning victory?
5010 votes to 2035
when was the East Clare by-election?
11th July 1917
what did the various by-election victories give SF?
political credibility
- give examples of effective propaganda
- large number newspapers (New Ireland) spreading extremist and republican ideals
- IPP attacked for being associated with ‘immoral’ British
- how many memebers did SF have in July 1917?
11,000 memebers
how many memebers did they have by October 1917 and in how many clubs?
200,000 memebers in 1,200 clubs
why was there such a large increase within a few months?
- separatist ideals had taken root
- and were translated into practical political organisation
- why did DeV emerge as the new political star?
- spectacular vicotory East Clare
- intelligent and stratgic in his appraoch
what was DeV’s firm intention?
to bring all nationalist elements together in a ‘big tent’ under one bannner - create an ‘umbrella movement’
where and when was the SF Ard-Fheis?
held in Dublin on 25th - 26th Ocotber 1917?
who was elected as president and VP at the Ard-Fheis?
- De Valera
- Griffith
what did the new SF constituition state?
'’Sinn Fein aims att securing the international recognition of Ireland as an Idependant Republic. having achieved that status, the irish people may, by referendum, freely choose their own form of government.’’
what was held the following day?
Volunteer Convention
what happened due to overlap in personnel?
The volunteers essentially became the military wing of the political organisation.
what was DeV’s dual role?
president of SF and the irish volunteers
what did this dual-role symbolise?
unity of the new movement fusing physical force and constitiutional elemets together
- who was Thomas Ashe?
one of the leaders of the reformed Volunteers
what did he demand and do?
pow status and went on hunger strike
when did he die?
septemeber 1917
what did the london daily express say about his death?
'’the circumstances of his death have made 100,000 Sinn Feiners out of 100,000 constitutional nationalists’’
- when was the Irish convention?
July 1917 - May 1918
how did SF’s boycott of the convention benefit them?
- not being associated with its failure
- damaged it’s opponents IPP
- what law introduced consription to ireland?
Military Service Act 1918
how did DeV and SF responsed?
- they drew up an anti-conscription pledge 18th April 1918
- orchestrated an anti-consription movement
what role did the RC Church play in this movement?
they ordered the pledge to be read outside every mass throughout Ireland
how many signed it the following sunday?
1000s
how did the movement benefit SF?
- they got the credit for adoption an anti-conscription stance
- had huge public support
- what was the German Plot?
a conceted story which accused SF volunteers of planning a rebellion with the Germans
what happened in May 1918 as a result of this story?
73 leaders of SF were arressted including DeV, Griffith
what was the significance of these arrests?
- the gov had imprisoned the moderate nationalists leaving furious more radical free
why did this cause increased opposition and sympathy?
there was no evidence of any plot whatsoever.
what did Lord French’s proclomation on 3rd May 1918 declare?
- SF, Volunteers, Gaelic league declared to be dangerous organisations
- their meeting were declared illegal
give an example of the public’s passive resistance to Lord French’s proclamation.
on one sunday augaust 1500 hurely matches were played in response to the ban on hurley.
