The rise of Mussolini and the creation of a fascist dictatorship, 1919–26 Flashcards
What year and day did Mussolini get into power ?
30 October 1922
What year did the general strike of July?
1922
When was the March on Rome ?
16 October 1922
Three reasons why the king appointed Mussolini?
- The king was looked at as weak and could have been replaced by his cousin the Duke of Acosta
- The fear of a civil war
- Couldn’t rely on support from the army
What took place during the 2 years of Biennio Rosa?
Between 1919 and 1920
Intense social conflict
1,663 industrial strikes in 1919 compared to 810 in 1913
Over a million workers involved in 1919 3x the 1913 figure
1,881 industrial strikes 1920
Strikes rurally too and in general in compliance with the Government
What happened with the Aventine Succession?
The leaving of 150 deputies from the Chamber of Deputies
What was the pact that saw Italy side with Germany? Making them allies, aligning fascism.
The Pact of Steel
Give two points for the collapse of the Liberal Government ?
Rise of Political Extremism
Mutilated victory
Between 1921 and 1923, what was the growth from the PNF ?
100,000 new members
The Majority of PNF members where of what social class around the early 1920’s ?
Middle class
Which Crisis caused/led to the aventine secession?
The matteoti crisis
What was the name of the electoral reform bought in by fascists in order to secure their power in the chamber of deputies
The acerbo law
What did the “dual policy” entail?
Use of fascist violence in order to crack down on political, with Mussolini benefitting but ultimately distancing himself from said violence
Which liberal politician encouraged the king not to violently put down the march on Rome?
Antonio salandra
Who was prime minister during the march on Rome
Luigi facta
