The Respritory system Flashcards
What is the main function of the respiratory system?
Bring oxygen into the body so that it can be used by cells to remove carbon dioxide produced in the cells in the process of cellular respiration
What is breathing?
Involves inspiration (inhalation) and expiration (exhalation) It’s the mechanical movement of air into and out of the lungs
What is external respiration?
Involves the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide between the lungs and blood capillaries
What is cellular respiration?
The release of energy in the form of ATP from glucose in cells
Can O2 and CO2 bubble across membranes
No but it can diffuse through membranes if dissolved in water
Where do single-called organisms reside? Where does gas exchange happen?
They reside in water. Gas exchange occurs directly through the cell membrane
Why do fish tanks constantly have to be oxygenated
So that fish receive enough oxygen
What must the respiratory system be in order to receive enough oxygen?
Must be large enough to make provide all the O2 and CO2 transfer for an organism and if must be moist to dissolve gasses
What does the surface area on the lungs amount to of flattened
A tennis court
How many ways can air enter the respiratory system
Nose and mouth
What is bronchitis
Inflames membranes that line the bronchiole tubes, caused by air pollution, infection, smoking, dust ect. Results is that the mucus glands overproduce cilia slow down and passage ways narrow there’s an increased resistance to air flow
What emphysema caused by?
Inability of lungs to exhale, increased pressure causes alveoli to burst. Chronic bronchitis can lead to emphysema
What is the pharynx?
Cavity behind mouth - the throat - it is the cavity shared by both the respiratory and digestive system (juncture between esophagus and windpipe)
What is the epiglottis
Flap of cartilage that closed the trachea when food is swallowed
What is the glottis
Opening of the trachea
