The Respiratory System Flashcards
What keeps the shape of your nose?
Septal Cartilage
A shallow vertical groove inferior to the apex
What is the Philtrum?
What hairs filter coarse particles from inspired air?
Vibrissae
What is the nasal cavity that is superior to the nares?
Vestibule
Moving air into and out of the lungs
Pulmonary Ventilation
Gas exchange between the lungs and blood
External Respiration
Transport of oxygen and carbon dioxide between the lungs and tissues
Transport
The gas exchange between systemic blood vessels and tissues
Internal Respiration
The site of the gas exchange and respiratory bronchioles, alveolar ducts, and alveoli
Respiratory Zone
Humified by the high water content in the nasal cavity and warmed by the rich plexuses of capillaries
Inspired air
What removes contaminated mucus?
Ciliated mucosal cells
Conduits (tubes) for air to reach the sites of gas exchange and include all other respiratory structures
Conducting Zone
During inhalation, the conchae and nasal mucosa do what?
They filter, heat, and moisten the air
During exhalation, the conchae and nasal mucosa do what?
Reclaim heat and moisture and minimize moisture and heat loss
Elastic cartilage that covers the laryngeal inlet during swallowing
Epiglottis
Intermittent release of expired air while opening and closing of the glottis
Speech
Made up of goblet cells and ciliated epithelium
Mucosa
Connective tissue deep to the mucosa
Submucosa
The outermost layer of C-shaped rings made of hyaline cartilage
Adventitia
The last tracheal cartilage marks the end of the trachea and the beginning of the bronchi
Carina
Accounts for most of the lungs’ volume
Approx. 300 million alveoli
What makes up that air-blood barrier
Alveolar and capillary walls and their fused basal laminas
Are a singular layer of type I alveolar cells (aka, squamous alveolar cells)
Alveolar Walls
What secretes a detergent-like substance called a surfactant?
Type II cells (aka, great alveolar cells)