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Grade 9 Science QUARTER 1 > The Respiratory System > Flashcards

The Respiratory System Flashcards

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1
Q

the organs of the respiratory system include the

A

nose, pharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchi

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2
Q

smaller branches of organs in the respiratory system

A

alveoli

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3
Q

the only respiratory sites where gas exchange occurs

A

The alveoli or air sacs

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4
Q

the other respiratory structures are simply conducting passageways, which do what

A

allow air to reach the lungs

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5
Q

These passegeways also (blank) the air that reaches the lungs

A

purify, humidify, and warm

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6
Q

The (blank) is the only visible part of the respiratory system.

A

Nose

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7
Q

The air enters the nose through its two openings which are called the

A

external nares or nostrils

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8
Q

The nostrils lead to the (blank)

A

anterior nasal passage

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9
Q

what is nasal hair for

A

for trapping foreign particles

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10
Q

what is a pharynx

A

a five-inch muscular passageway for food and air

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11
Q

the pharynx is commonly also called the (blank)

A

the throat

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12
Q

The pharynx is connected to the (blank) through openings called the (blank)

A

nasal cavity, internal nares

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13
Q

The pharynx as three regions, namely the (blank)

A

nasopharynx, oropharynx, and laryngopharynx

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14
Q

The (blank) receives air from the nasal cavity

A

nasopharynx

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15
Q

The (blank) is the common passageway for food and air and leads to another respiratory tract

A

oropharynx

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16
Q

(blank), which are clusters of tissue that protect the body from foreign invaders, are also found in the (blank)

A

Tonsils, pharynx

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17
Q

The (blank) formed by the thyroid cartilage is commonly more visible in men than in women

A

laryngeal prominence

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18
Q

The vocal folds or true vocal cords are folds of membrane that are located in the (blank)

A

larynx

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19
Q

The (blank) are folds and space that appear between the vocal chords during breathing and speaking

A

glottis

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20
Q

The (blank) divides into the left primary bronchus and the right primary bronchus

A

trachea

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21
Q

The trachea divides into the (blank) and the (blank)

A

left primary bronchus, right primary bronchus

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22
Q

The (blank) bronchus is shorter, wider, and straighter than the(blank) bronchus

A

right, left

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23
Q

Furthermore, the air that passes into the bronchi is already (blank).

A

warm, humidified, and most likely free from most impurities

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24
Q

the trachea or windpipe is a (blank) that is located (blank)

A

four inch tract, mid chest

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25
Q

the trachea contains contains grass like projections called (blank)

A

cilia

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26
Q

The trachea has (blank) cartilages that keep it open

A

C-shaped

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27
Q

The right and left lungs are lodged inside the (blank) and enclosed by the (blank)

A

thoracic cavity, rib cage

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28
Q

The upper portion of each lung is called the (blank), whereas the inferior border is the (blank)

A

apex, base

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29
Q

the lungs rests on a (blank)-shaped muscle called the (blank)

A

dome, diaphragm

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30
Q

The (blank) lung is shorter and wider than the (blank) lung

A

right, left

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31
Q

how many lobes does the right lung have

A

three

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32
Q

how many lobes does the left lung have

A

two

33
Q

Each lung is covered by a membrane called (blank)

A

pleura

34
Q

Pleurae produce a slippery secretion called the (blank)

A

pleural fluid

35
Q

the lungs glide over the wall of the (blank) during breathing

A

thorax

36
Q

The lungs also contain smaller branches of bronchi called (blank) and (blank) bronchi, (blank), and (blank) which end in alveolar sacs that contain alveoli.

A

secondary, tertiary, bronchioles, alveolar ducts

37
Q

the functional unit of the lungs

A

alveolus

38
Q

The lungs are soft and spongy because of the (blank)

A

millions of clustered alveoli

39
Q

Gas exchange occurs when oxygen from the air goes inside the (blank)

A

alveoli

40
Q

what moves from the alveoli and then moves into the pulmonary capillaries

A

oxygen

41
Q

tissue cells remove what from the blood

A

oxygen

42
Q

tissue cells release what in the blood

A

carbon dioxide

43
Q

carbon dioxide goes from the blood into the (blank)

A

alveoli

44
Q

what flushes out of the lungs during exhalation

A

carbon dioxide

45
Q

(blank) is the process where the lungs and the thoracic cavity, volume changes lead to pressure changes, which allow the flow of gases between the two structures to equalize, namely inspiration and expiration

A

Breathing or pulmonary ventilation

46
Q

(blank) is a mechanical process by which air goes into the lungs

A

Inspiration or inhalation

47
Q

The size of the (blank) increases when the inspiratory muscles, such as the diaphragm and external intercostal muscles (located between the ribs) contract

A

thoracic cavity

48
Q

The (blank) flattens during (blank),

A

diaphragm, inspiration

49
Q

in inspiration, the (blank) push the breastbone forward and lift the rib cage

A

intercostal muscles

50
Q

inspiration causes the dimensions of the thorax to (blank)

A

increase

51
Q

inspiration does what to the volume of the lungs

A

increases the volume of the lungs

52
Q

in inspiration, the air continues to enter the lungs until the pressure within the lungs balances with the (blank)

A

atmospheric pressure.

53
Q

(blank) is a mechanical process by which air leaves the lungs

A

Expiration or exhalation

54
Q

expiration or exhalation depends on the (blank) of the lungs. The lungs recoil as the (blank) relax

A

elasticity, inspiratory muscles

55
Q

During the expiration or exhalation process, the volume of the lung (blank)

A

decreases

56
Q

during expiration or exhalation, the pressure inside the lungs become (blank) than the atmospheric pressure

A

higher

57
Q

does the gasses in your lung move closer together in inspiration or expiration?

A

expiration

58
Q

The respiratory capacity of a person depends on their (blank)

A

age, size, sex, and physical condition

59
Q

An average of (blank) of air moves in and out of the lungs during each (blank)

A

500 mL, normal quiet, breath

60
Q

An average of 500 mL of air moves in and out of the lungs during each normal quiet breath. This amount of air is called the (blank).

A

tidal volume (TV)

61
Q

If a person forcibly inhales a volume of air that is much higher than the normal or tidal volume, then they acquire an (blank)

A

inspiratory reserve volume (IRV)

62
Q

The normal IRV ranges from (blank)

A

2,100 mL to 3,200 mL

63
Q

the amount of air that can be forcibly exhaled after an expiration

A

expiratory reserve volume (ERV)

64
Q

the amount of air that can be forcibly exhaled after an expiration is about (blank)

A

1,200 mL

65
Q

The (blank) is the amount of air that remains inside the lugs after the ERV is exhaled

A

residual volume

66
Q

The residual volume allows continuous gas exchange and inflates the (blank)

A

alveoli

67
Q

the amount of air in your lungs that cannot be voluntarily released

A

residual volume

68
Q

The amount of air that does not reach the alveoli and remains in the conducting passageways is called the (blank)

A

dead-space volume

69
Q

the dead-space volume is how much in mL

A

150 mL

70
Q

This volume of air is inhaled but does not take part in gas exchange

A

dead-space volume

71
Q

the functional volume which is approximately (blank)

A

350 mL

72
Q

the functional volume reaches what organ

A

alveoli

73
Q

the functional volume contributes to the (blank) of gasses

A

exchange

74
Q

The (blank) is the total amount of exchangeable air

A

vital capacity (VC)

75
Q

The vital capacity (VC) is usually around (blank)

A

4,800 mL

76
Q

formula for vital capacity (VC)

A

VC = TV + IRV + ERV

77
Q

A spectrometer is an instrument that is used to evaluate (blank)

A

respiratory capacities

78
Q

(blank) is a diagnostic procedure that is used to detect various respiratory diseases

A

spirometry

Grade 9 Science QUARTER 1 (6 decks)

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