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Grade 9 Science QUARTER 1 > The Respiratory System > Flashcards

The Respiratory System Flashcards

1
Q

the organs of the respiratory system include the

A

nose, pharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchi

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2
Q

smaller branches of organs in the respiratory system

A

alveoli

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3
Q

the only respiratory sites where gas exchange occurs

A

The alveoli or air sacs

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4
Q

the other respiratory structures are simply conducting passageways, which do what

A

allow air to reach the lungs

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5
Q

These passegeways also (blank) the air that reaches the lungs

A

purify, humidify, and warm

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6
Q

The (blank) is the only visible part of the respiratory system.

A

Nose

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7
Q

The air enters the nose through its two openings which are called the

A

external nares or nostrils

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8
Q

The nostrils lead to the (blank)

A

anterior nasal passage

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9
Q

what is nasal hair for

A

for trapping foreign particles

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10
Q

what is a pharynx

A

a five-inch muscular passageway for food and air

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11
Q

the pharynx is commonly also called the (blank)

A

the throat

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12
Q

The pharynx is connected to the (blank) through openings called the (blank)

A

nasal cavity, internal nares

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13
Q

The pharynx as three regions, namely the (blank)

A

nasopharynx, oropharynx, and laryngopharynx

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14
Q

The (blank) receives air from the nasal cavity

A

nasopharynx

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15
Q

The (blank) is the common passageway for food and air and leads to another respiratory tract

A

oropharynx

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16
Q

(blank), which are clusters of tissue that protect the body from foreign invaders, are also found in the (blank)

A

Tonsils, pharynx

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17
Q

The (blank) formed by the thyroid cartilage is commonly more visible in men than in women

A

laryngeal prominence

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18
Q

The vocal folds or true vocal cords are folds of membrane that are located in the (blank)

A

larynx

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19
Q

The (blank) are folds and space that appear between the vocal chords during breathing and speaking

A

glottis

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20
Q

The (blank) divides into the left primary bronchus and the right primary bronchus

A

trachea

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21
Q

The trachea divides into the (blank) and the (blank)

A

left primary bronchus, right primary bronchus

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22
Q

The (blank) bronchus is shorter, wider, and straighter than the(blank) bronchus

A

right, left

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23
Q

Furthermore, the air that passes into the bronchi is already (blank).

A

warm, humidified, and most likely free from most impurities

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24
Q

the trachea or windpipe is a (blank) that is located (blank)

A

four inch tract, mid chest

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25
the trachea contains contains grass like projections called (blank)
cilia
26
The trachea has (blank) cartilages that keep it open
C-shaped
27
The right and left lungs are lodged inside the (blank) and enclosed by the (blank)
thoracic cavity, rib cage
28
The upper portion of each lung is called the (blank), whereas the inferior border is the (blank)
apex, base
29
the lungs rests on a (blank)-shaped muscle called the (blank)
dome, diaphragm
30
The (blank) lung is shorter and wider than the (blank) lung
right, left
31
how many lobes does the right lung have
three
32
how many lobes does the left lung have
two
33
Each lung is covered by a membrane called (blank)
pleura
34
Pleurae produce a slippery secretion called the (blank)
pleural fluid
35
the lungs glide over the wall of the (blank) during breathing
thorax
36
The lungs also contain smaller branches of bronchi called (blank) and (blank) bronchi, (blank), and (blank) which end in alveolar sacs that contain alveoli.
secondary, tertiary, bronchioles, alveolar ducts
37
the functional unit of the lungs
alveolus
38
The lungs are soft and spongy because of the (blank)
millions of clustered alveoli
39
Gas exchange occurs when oxygen from the air goes inside the (blank)
alveoli
40
what moves from the alveoli and then moves into the pulmonary capillaries
oxygen
41
tissue cells remove what from the blood
oxygen
42
tissue cells release what in the blood
carbon dioxide
43
carbon dioxide goes from the blood into the (blank)
alveoli
44
what flushes out of the lungs during exhalation
carbon dioxide
45
(blank) is the process where the lungs and the thoracic cavity, volume changes lead to pressure changes, which allow the flow of gases between the two structures to equalize, namely inspiration and expiration
Breathing or pulmonary ventilation
46
(blank) is a mechanical process by which air goes into the lungs
Inspiration or inhalation
47
The size of the (blank) increases when the inspiratory muscles, such as the diaphragm and external intercostal muscles (located between the ribs) contract
thoracic cavity
48
The (blank) flattens during (blank),
diaphragm, inspiration
49
in inspiration, the (blank) push the breastbone forward and lift the rib cage
intercostal muscles
50
inspiration causes the dimensions of the thorax to (blank)
increase
51
inspiration does what to the volume of the lungs
increases the volume of the lungs
52
in inspiration, the air continues to enter the lungs until the pressure within the lungs balances with the (blank)
atmospheric pressure.
53
(blank) is a mechanical process by which air leaves the lungs
Expiration or exhalation
54
expiration or exhalation depends on the (blank) of the lungs. The lungs recoil as the (blank) relax
elasticity, inspiratory muscles
55
During the expiration or exhalation process, the volume of the lung (blank)
decreases
56
during expiration or exhalation, the pressure inside the lungs become (blank) than the atmospheric pressure
higher
57
does the gasses in your lung move closer together in inspiration or expiration?
expiration
58
The respiratory capacity of a person depends on their (blank)
age, size, sex, and physical condition
59
An average of (blank) of air moves in and out of the lungs during each (blank)
500 mL, normal quiet, breath
60
An average of 500 mL of air moves in and out of the lungs during each normal quiet breath. This amount of air is called the (blank).
tidal volume (TV)
61
If a person forcibly inhales a volume of air that is much higher than the normal or tidal volume, then they acquire an (blank)
inspiratory reserve volume (IRV)
62
The normal IRV ranges from (blank)
2,100 mL to 3,200 mL
63
the amount of air that can be forcibly exhaled after an expiration
expiratory reserve volume (ERV)
64
the amount of air that can be forcibly exhaled after an expiration is about (blank)
1,200 mL
65
The (blank) is the amount of air that remains inside the lugs after the ERV is exhaled
residual volume
66
The residual volume allows continuous gas exchange and inflates the (blank)
alveoli
67
the amount of air in your lungs that cannot be voluntarily released
residual volume
68
The amount of air that does not reach the alveoli and remains in the conducting passageways is called the (blank)
dead-space volume
69
the dead-space volume is how much in mL
150 mL
70
This volume of air is inhaled but does not take part in gas exchange
dead-space volume
71
the functional volume which is approximately (blank)
350 mL
72
the functional volume reaches what organ
alveoli
73
the functional volume contributes to the (blank) of gasses
exchange
74
The (blank) is the total amount of exchangeable air
vital capacity (VC)
75
The vital capacity (VC) is usually around (blank)
4,800 mL
76
formula for vital capacity (VC)
VC = TV + IRV + ERV
77
A spectrometer is an instrument that is used to evaluate (blank)
respiratory capacities
78
(blank) is a diagnostic procedure that is used to detect various respiratory diseases
spirometry

Grade 9 Science QUARTER 1 (6 decks)

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