1.2 The Cardivascular System Flashcards
a transport system that carries gases, nutrients, hormones, and wastes, and other substances all around the body
cardiovascular system
This System is composed of the heart, blood vessels, and blood
cardiovascular system
a hollow somewhat cone-shaped organ that weighs less than a pound
heart
the area in the chest that is between the lungs and above the diaphragm
mediastinum
The apex or tip of the heart is directed (blank)
downward
the base points of the heart toward the (blank)
right shoulder
The (blank) vessels of the body are connected to the heart’s base
major
The heart has coverings–an outer one called the (blank)
parietal pericardium
the heart has coverings–an inner one called the (blank)
visceral pericardium or epicardium
The (blank) produce a lubricating fluid that allows the heart to beat smoothly in a frictionless environment
pericardial membranes
The heart is a muscular organ, its walls have (blank) layers
three
the name of the hearts three layers
the epicardium, myocardium, and endocardium
the (blank), the outermost layer, is the inner heart covering
epicardium
The (blank) is the muscular part of the heart wall and the part that actually contracts.
myocardium
The (blank) is the thin innermost layer that lines the heart cavities or chambers
endocardium
The four hollow chambers of the heart are (blank)
the right and left atria and the right and left ventricles
The atria are the (blank) chambers
receiving
the ventricles are the (blank) chambers
discharging or pumping
The blood goes into the (blank) and then fills the (blank)
atria, ventricles
When the ventricles contract, the blood (blank)
leaves the heart
The heart has (blank) valves that keep the flow of blood going in (blank) direction.
4, one
the hearts 4 valves
two atrioventricular (AV) valves and the two semilunar valves.
The AV valves are found between the (blank) and the (blank)
atria, ventricles
They prevent the back flow of blood from the ventricles to the atria.
atrioventricular (AV) valves
The (blank) valve is the left AV valve
bicuspid or mitral
(blank) valve is the right AV valve
tricuspid
The bicuspid valve consists of (blank) cusps or flaps
two
the tricuspid valve has (blank) cusps or flaps
three
The (blank) prevent the backflow of blood to the ventricular chambers
semilunar valves
The semilunar valves consist of the pulmonary or aortic valves, both of which have (blank) cusps each
three
The AV valves open when the heart (blank) and close when the ventricles (blank)
open, contract
The semilunar valves (blank) when the heart relaxes and (blank) when the ventricles contract
close, open
When the (blank) close the first heart sound (lub) is produced
atrioventricular valves AV
The second heart sound (dub) occurs when the (blank) close.
semilunar valves
the universal blood group donor
type O
average heartbeat of a healthy human adult
60-100 beats per MINUTE
lymphoid organ that filters lymph
lymph node
leukocyte, erythrocyte, and thrombocyte, which one is anucleate?
erythrocyte
what does the artery do
carries blood away from heart
defined as the total amount of exchangeable air
vital capacity (VC)
middle and thickest of the heart’s three layers
myocardium
