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Health > The Respiratory System > Flashcards

The Respiratory System Flashcards

0
Q

External respiration

A

The exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide that take place between air and blood in lungs. Oxygen moves from the lungs into the blood and carbon dioxide moves from the blood into the lungs

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1
Q

What is respiration

A

The exchange of gases between the body and the environment

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2
Q

Internal respiration

A

The exchange of gases between blood and body cells. Oxygen moves from the blood into the cells, and carbon dioxide moves from the cells into the blood

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3
Q

The upper respiratory system

A

The nose and throat

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4
Q

The lower respiratory system

A

Contains the larynx, trachea , bronchi , an lungs

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5
Q

Diaphragm

A

The muscle that separates the chest from the abdominal cavity

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6
Q

Air moves into the lungs through the ____

A

Trachea or windpipe

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7
Q

What happens when you inhale

A

The diaphragm and muscles between your ribs contract, expanding your chest cavity and your lungs

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8
Q

What happens when your ling expand

A

The pressure inside them become lower than the pressure outside your body. Air naturally flows into your lungs to equalize the pressure e

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9
Q

What happens when you exhale

A

Muscles relax and the volume of your chest cavity decreases, making the pressure in your lungs higher than than the pressure outside your body. Air naturally flows out of your lungs to the area if lower pressure

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10
Q

What does cilia and mucus do ?

A

Trap and remove foreign particles such as dust bacteria and viruses

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11
Q

Pharynx

A

Throat

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12
Q

Trachea

A

Windpipe

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13
Q

Located in front of the esophagus

A

Trachea

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14
Q

Bronchi

A

Airways that connect the trachea and lungs

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15
Q

Larynx

A

Voice box

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16
Q

Connects the throat to the trachea

A

Larynx

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17
Q

Contains the vocal cords

A

Larynx

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18
Q

A flap of cartillage located above the larynx

A

Epiglottis

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19
Q

Folds down to close of the entrance to the larynx and trachea When you swallow keeping food or drink from entering the respiratory system

A

Epiglottis

20
Q

What are some effects of Tobacco

A

Cancers if mouth , pharynx , and larynx. Causes bronchitis, emphysema , and increase in asthma in children and adults. In teens smoking reduces the rate of lung growth

21
Q

What are three ways to reduce respiratory infection

A

Washing hands regularly, regular physical excercise, avoiding smoke

22
Q

Bronchitis

A

An inflammation of the bronchi caused by infection or exposure to irritants such a tobacco smoke and air pollution

23
Q

What happens during bronchitis

A

The membranes that line the bronchi produce excessive mucus in airways

24
Q

Symptoms if bronchitis

A

Coughing wheezing and shortness of breath that worsens with physical activity

25
Q

What is treatment for bronchitis

A

Medication that dilates the bronchial passages

26
Q

Pneumonia

A

An inflammation if the lungs commonly caused by a bacterial or viral infarction

27
Q

What happens during pneumonia

A

The alveoli swells and becomes clogged with mucus decreasing the amount if gas exchange

28
Q

What are some symptom of pneumonia

A

Cough fever chills and chest pains . It is treated with antibiotics

29
Q

Pleurisy

A

An inflammation of the lining of the lungs and Chest cavity. It causes chest pain when breathing and coughing

30
Q

Asthma

A

An inflammatory condition in which the trachea, bronchi and bronchioles become narrowed causing difficulty in breathing

31
Q

What happen during an asthma attack

A

The involuntary contraction of smooth airway muscles which leads to wheezing. Chest tightening and difficulty in breathing

32
Q

Sinusitis

A

An if lamination of the tissues that line the sinuses. Stamp toms include nasal congestion heDache and fever. Treatment includes nasal decongestion drop or sprays and antibiotics

33
Q

Tuberculosis

A

A contagious bacterial infection that usually affects the lungs. Symptoms of active tuberculosis include cough fever fatigue and weight loss. Treatment involves antibiotics and hospitalization

34
Q

Emphysema

A

A disease that progressively destroys the walls

Of the Alveoli. Symptoms include difficulty breathing and chronic cough. Emphysema is caused by smoking

35
Q

Alveoli

A

Tiny air sacs through which the gas exchange of external respiration takes place

36
Q

Capillary

A

A tiny blood vessel through which has exchange takes place

37
Q

What does a branch of the pulmonary artery do

A

Brings the blood from the heart into the lungs

38
Q

Bronchioles

A

Tubes that carry air closer to the site of external respiration

39
Q

A branch of the pulmonary vein

A

Takes oxygenated blood from the lung back to the heart

40
Q

Respiratory system

A

Consists of the lungs and a series of passageways through which air travels

41
Q

Found within the chest cavity and protected by the ribs

A

Lungs

42
Q

Air moves into the lungs through the

A

Trachea

43
Q

Branches out to the bronchi

A

Trachea

44
Q

Located at the end if each bronchiole

A

Alveoli

45
Q

Located in front of the esophagus

A

Trachea

46
Q

As it reaches the lungs it branches into two groups called bronchi

A

Trachea

47
Q

Connects the throat to the trachea

A

Voice box or larynx

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