The Respiratory System

Question 1

What is the respiratory system?

Answer 1

The respiratory system is a group of organs responsible for taking in oxygen and removing carbon dioxide

Question 2

Nose

Answer 2

The nose purifies/cleanses and moisturises the air

Question 3

Epiglottis

Answer 3

Prevents food from going down the airway

Question 4

Larynx

Answer 4

This is the voice box

Question 5

Trachea

Answer 5

Air enters the lungs through the trachea. The trachea is covered in a layer of smooth muscle and regular C-shaped cartilage rings

Question 6

Bronchus

Answer 6

Each bronchus divides into smaller tubes called bronchioles.
Primary Bronchioles divides in two:
Terminal Bronchioles
Respiratory Bronchioles: Where some of the gas exchange takes place

Question 7

Alveoli

Answer 7

At the end of the respiratory bronchioles are groups of tiny air sacs called alveoli. The alveoli give the lungs a huge surface area to make the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide very efficient

Question 7

Alveoli

Answer 7

At the end of the respiratory bronchioles are groups of tiny air sacs called alveoli. The alveoli give the lungs a huge surface area to make the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide very efficient

Question 8

Ribcage

Answer 8

Protects lungs and heart

Question 9

Intercostal muscles

Answer 9

Helps with the movement of the ribcage during breathing

Question 10

Lungs

Answer 10

Respiratory organs behind the ribcage

Question 11

Diaphragm

Answer 11

The muscle at the base of the lungs that contracts and relaxes forcing air in and out of the lungs

Question 12

Breathing

Answer 12

Movement of air in and out of the lungs

Question 13

What happens to the Respiratory muscles when you inhale?

Answer 13

As you inhale:

• The intercostal muscles contact causing the ribs to move up and out
• The diaphragm contracts moving downwards
• The lungs expand
• The pressure in the lungs falls below the atmospheric pressure causing air to move air inside the lungs

Question 14

What happens to the respiratory muscles as you exhale?

Answer 14

• The intercostal muscles relax causing the ribs to move downwards and inwards
• The diaphragm relaxes moving upwards
• The volume of the chest decreases
• The size of the lungs decreases so the air moves out
• The pressure in the lungs is greater than the atmospheric pressure causing air to move out of the lungs

Question 15

What is exchanged between the millions of capillaries and alveoli

Answer 15

Oxygen and carbon dioxide is exchanged between the millions of capillaries and alveoli

Question 16

What happens in the capillaries and the alveoli

Answer 16

Oxygen moves from air in the alveoli to the blood capillaries. At the same time carbon dioxide moves from the blood capillaries into the alveoli to be exhaled

Question 17

What happens in gaseous exchange?

Answer 17

1. Oxygen is inhaled into the alveoli. Here it diffuses into the bloodstream through capillaries
2. Oxygen is transported by the circulatory system into the cells
3. Carbon dioxide is removed from the cells and tissue by the circulatory system
4. Waste carbon dioxide diffuses in to the alveoli and is exhaled out of the body

Question 18

Bronchus

Answer 18

Lets air travel down to the lungs