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Science Junior Cycle > Sun Earth and Moon > Flashcards

Sun Earth and Moon Flashcards

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1
Q

What is a year?

A

A year is the time it takes for the Earth to orbit the sun

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2
Q

What is a leap year?

A

A leap year that has an extra day on 29th February

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3
Q

Intercalary Day

A

The name for the extra day in a leap year

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4
Q

Day

A

The length of time it takes for a planet to complete one full rotation on its axis

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5
Q

Daytime

A

Daytime occurs on the half of the Earth facing towards the Sun

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6
Q

Night-time

A

Occurs on the on the half of the Earth that faces away from the Sun

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7
Q

Night-time

A

Occurs on the on the half of the Earth that faces away from the Sun

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8
Q

Seasons

A

Divisions of the year defined by changes in weather caused by the earths position when it orbits the sun and the tilt on Earth’s axis.

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9
Q

Sun path

A

This defines the path the sun appears to take during the day

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10
Q

What happens at different stages of the Earth’s orbit?

A

At different stages of the earths orbit one hemisphere is tilted towards the sun and the other is tilted away

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11
Q

What happens to the hemisphere facing towards the sun?

A

The hemisphere facing towards the sun receives more direct sun ray; this causes an increase in temperature and day length.
> The varying amount of direct sunlight creates the seasons

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12
Q

Summer in the Northern Hemisphere

A

The Northern Hemisphere is tilted towards the Sun, hence the sun rays are more direct creating heat and light. In addition the days are longer

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13
Q

Autumn in the Northern Hemisphere

A

The Northern Hemisphere is no longer tilted towards the sun therefore temperature and light decreases slightly

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14
Q

Winter in the Northern Hemisphere

A

The Northern Hemisphere is tilted from the sun. The Suns rays are less direct so there is less light and heat and the days are shorter

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15
Q

Spring in the Northern Hemisphere

A

The Northern Hemisphere is no longer tilted away from the Sun. Temperatures and light slightly increase

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16
Q

Summer Soltice

A

The longest day of the year: 21st June

17
Q

Winter Solstice

A

The Shortest day of the year December 21st

18
Q

Equinox

A

When there are equal hours of daytime and night-time: 21st September and 21st March

19
Q

What are lunar phases?

A

A lunar phase is the eight different appearances of the Moon as it orbits the Earth

20
Q

What is waxing?

A

The appearance of the moon is getting larger

21
Q

What is waning?

A

Waning is when the appearance of the Moon is getting smaller

22
Q

When does the moon orbit the Earth anti-clockwise

A

The moon orbits the Earth anti-clockwise every 27 days

23
Q

What happens during this orbit?

A

During this orbit different amounts of the illuminated face of the Moon are visible from the Earth

24
Q

Why does the moon change shape?

A

The moon appears to change shape as some of the surface is dark and cannot be seen

25
Q

First Quarter

A

Half of the Illuminated side can be seen

26
Q

Waxing Gibbous

A

When more than half of the moon can be seen it is called a gibbous. The moon appears to be getting smaller therefore it is waning

27
Q

Full Moon

A

When the moon is at the far side of the Earth all of the illuminated side can be seen. Ergo this is a full moon

28
Q

Waning Gibbous

A

When more than half of the moon can be seen it is called a Gibbous. However the moon’s appearance is getting smaller hence waning

29
Q

Third Quarter

A

Half of the illuminated side can be seen but on the left side

30
Q

Waning Crescent

A

The appearance of he moon continues to decrease to form a crescent. Conning the name waning crescent

31
Q

New Moon

A

The moon is between Earth and the Sun. The moon cannot be seen as the illuminated part of the moon is facing away from the Earth

32
Q

Waxing Crescent

A

A slight part of the moon can be seen, it appears to create a crescent-like shape. The moom appears to be enlarged; It’s waxing

33
Q

Blue Moon

A

The rare occurrence of two full moons in one calender

34
Q

Supermoon

A

Occurs when a full moon coincides with the time in the Moon’s orbit that it is closes to the Earth

35
Q

Eclipse

A

When the light from the Sun is blocked

36
Q

Solar eclipse

A

When the moon passes between the earth and sun, blocking the light from the sun

37
Q

lunar eclipse

A

When the earth passes between the sun and the moon, blocking the light from the sun

38
Q

Blood Moon

A

When the moon appears red during a total lunar eclipse

39
Q

What angle is the Earth tilted at

A

23 degrees angle

Science Junior Cycle (3 decks)

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