The Reproductive System

Question 1

What are the two major functions of the gonads?

Answer 1

1. Produce Gametes

2. Synthesize Steroidal Hormones

Question 2

Essential for the differentiation, growth, and maintenance of accessory sex organs, secondary sex characteristics, and sexual behaviour

Answer 2

Steroidal Hormones

Question 3

What constitutes for the accessory sex organs?

Answer 3

Reproductive Ducts and Associated Glands

Question 4

Arise as a pair of embryonic genital ridges

Answer 4

Gonads

Question 5

Thickenings of the coelomic mesothelium just medial to the mesonephroi

Answer 5

Genital Ridges

Question 6

Progenitors of sperm and eggs

Answer 6

Primordial Germ Cells

Question 7

Region of the gonadal primordium where primordial germ cells have already established themselves, just internal to the peritoneum

Answer 7

Germinal Epithelium

Question 8

Where are the primordial germ cells found before they are seen in the germinal epithelium?

Answer 8

Endoderm of Yolk Sac

Question 9

Dorsal mesentery acquired when gonads enlarge

Answer 9

Male: Mesorchium
Female: Mesovarium

Question 10

Where do seminiferous tubules develop from?

Answer 10

Primary Sex Cords

Question 11

What lines the seminiferous tubules?

Answer 11

Germinal Epithelium

Question 12

Where do oocytes arise from in the genital ridge?

Answer 12

Secondary Sex Cords

Question 13

What develops from the male primary sex cords in embryonic gonads?

Answer 13

Seminiferous Tubules

Question 14

What develops from the female secondary sex cords of embryonic gonads?

Answer 14

Oocytes

Question 15

Remnants of primary sex cords in females

Answer 15

Medullary Cords

Question 16

Two groups of animals with a single gonad because of the fusion of two ridges across the midline

Answer 16

1. Lampreys

2. Few Teleosts

Question 17

Four groups of animals with a single functional ovary caused by the failure of one gonad to differentiate

Answer 17

1. Hagfishes
2. Some Viviparous Elasmobranchs
3. Some Female Lizards and Crocodilians
4. Most Female Birds

Question 18

Two groups of mammals that only have one ovary

Answer 18

1. Platypus

2. Some Bats

Question 19

Organ found in toads that contains large undifferentiated cells resembling an immature ova

Answer 19

Bidder’s Organ

Question 20

Where are mature eggs of craniates released?

Answer 20

Coelom

Question 21

What happens to the sperms of craniates when released?

Answer 21

Conducted in Closed System of Vessels

Question 22

Group of animals where the mature egg cells are released into the coelom

Answer 22

All Craniates

Question 23

Group of male animals whose gametes are shed into the coelom

Answer 23

Living Agnathans

Question 24

Group of male animals whose sperm are conducted in a closed system of vessels that conveys them from the testis to the exterior without having entered the coelom

Answer 24

All Craniates Except Living Agnathans

Question 25

Egg follocles of therian ovaries

Answer 25

Graafian Follicles

Question 26

Fluid-filled cavitation of therian ovaries found within Graafian follicles

Answer 26

Antrum (plural: Antra)

Question 27

Process in which the ovum oozes through a narrow slit in the wall and into the coelomic fluid

Answer 27

Ovulation

Question 28

Major source of the steroidal hormones of females

Answer 28

Corpus Luteum

Question 29

Luteinizing hormone that is required for the maintenance of pregnancy

Answer 29

Progesterone

Question 30

Predominant luteinizing hormone secreted before ovulation

Answer 30

Estrogen

Question 31

What is another term for when animals are in heat?

Answer 31

Estrus