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AP English > The Renaissance > Flashcards

The Renaissance Flashcards

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Proverbs and Idioms flashcards
0
Q

What is the Renaissance?

A

A French word meaning “rebirth”

Refers to renewed interest in writings of Ancient Greece and Rome

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1
Q

In what years did the Renaissance begin and end?

A

1485-1660

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2
Q

Where was the new energy and creativity that marked the Renaissance first observed?

A

Italy

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3
Q

What religion were most people in Europe and Britain at the beginning of the Renaissance period?

A

Roman Catholic

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4
Q

What did the Church finance? And what were the 3 major areas of advancement?

A

Intellectual and artistic endeavors

Art, Literature, and Technology

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5
Q

Who is Johannes Gutenberg?

A

German inventor of printing with movable type.

He completed the 1st book

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6
Q

When/where was the 1st book printed and what was it?

A

Latin Bible in Mainz, Germany

1455

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7
Q

Who was William Caxton?

A

A merchant, diplomat, and writer living in Low Countries…

Set up a printing press in Westminster(100 different titles)

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8
Q

What was Humanism?

A

An intellectual movement that used the Latin and Greek classics, combined with traditional Christian thought, to teach people how to LIVE and RULE

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9
Q

Best known humanist?

A

Desiderius Erasmus

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10
Q

Who was Desiderius Erasmus?

A

Dutch monk who lived outside of monastery and loved to travel and visit many countries in Europe

On trips to England, taught Greek at Cambridge Univ. and became friendly with important people like Thomas Mor

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11
Q

Who was Thomas Morr?

A

Young lawyer who wrote poems, pamphlets, bibliographies, and his famous treatise on human society—Utopia

He held office, rose to top of profession, was knighted, and as lord chancellor, became one of king’s chief ministers

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12
Q

Why did they write in Latin?

A

For educated people

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13
Q

Common interests of Desiderius Erasmus and Thomas Morr?

A

Loved LIFE, LAUGHTER, & CLASSICAL LEARNING
Dedicated to the Church
Wrote in Latin
Disappointed in corrupt church practices

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14
Q

The Reformation?

A

Resented the financial burden imposed by the Vatican

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15
Q

Reasons for the Reformation?

A

Strong feelings of PATRIOTISM

Focus on own country

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16
Q

Martin Luther?

A

Monk who founded new kind of Christianity based on personal understanding of Bible and NOT on what POPE said

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17
Q

Who killed Uncle Richard III at Boswell Field?

A

Henry VII

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18
Q

Describe Henry VII

A

Shrewd, tough, cold, sly

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19
Q

What did Henry VII do?

A

Restored peace and order to kingdom

United houses of Lancasters and Yorks by marrying the daughter of Edward IV

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20
Q

What monarch marked beginning of Protestantism in England?

A

Henry VIII

21
Q

What did the pope refuse to do for Henry VIII?

A

Annul marriage to Catherine of Aragon

22
Q

What 2 laws did Henry VIII pass?

A
  1. ) The pope has no authority in England

2. ) the Church of England is separate from Roman Catholic Church…king is supreme head of Anglican Church

23
Q

Who did Henry 8th have executed?

A

Thomas Morr and several others who refuse to recognize him as head of church

24
Q

Henry’s 6 wives?

A 
Catherine of Aragon
Anne Boleyn
Jane Seymour 
Anne of Claves
Catherine Howard
Catherine Parr
25
Q

What was different about Jane Seymour?

A

She gave birth to a son…

Died 12 days later though

26
Q

What was Henry 8th’s contribution?

A

Created ROYAL NAVY

27
Q

Purpose of ROYAL NAVY?

A

Stopped foreign invasions

Spread England’s political power, language, and literature

28
Q

Who was Edward VI?

A

Son of Henry VIII and Jane Seymour
-crowned at age 9 but ruled in name only
DIED OF TUBERCULOSIS AT AGE 16

29
Q

What was Mary Tudor’s nickname and why?

A

Bloody Mary

Ruthlessly hunted down Protestants and had over 300 burned at stake

30
Q

Who were the parents of Mary Tudor?

A

Henry VIII and Catherine of Aragon

31
Q

Who was Mary Tudor married to? What ended the relationship?

A

Phillip II King of Spain

Died childless of fever

32
Q

Why was Phillip II no longer king of England?

A

Mary died childless

33
Q

Describe Mary of Tudor

A

Devout, strong willed Catholic

34
Q

What did Mary accomplish?

A

Renewed authority to pope

35
Q

Who was the daughter of Anne Boleyn and Henry VIII?

A

Elizabeth I

36
Q

What was Elizabeth’s nickname and why?

A

The Virgin Queen

Never married!

37
Q

What did Elizabeth I accomplish?

A

Restored Law and Order
Re established Church of England
Had cousin Mary of Scotts beheaded

38
Q

Why did Elizabeth have her own cousin beheaded?

A

Mary of Scotts set 3 plots to kill Elizabeth be she was heir to throne

39
Q

King Phillip of Spain reaction to Mary of Scotts beheaded?

A

INVADE ENGLAND WITH SPANISH ARMADA

40
Q

Spanish Armada end result?

A

Huge fleet of Spanish ships were defeated by smaller ships of Royal Navy after becoming “trapped” in English Channel

41
Q

What became of Elizabeth’s name?

A

Symbol of peace, security, and prosperity
Inspired writers
God is on her side (storm….defeat of Spanish Armada)

42
Q

Lady with Ermine????

A

Elizabeth I

43
Q

Who took the throne after Elizabeth I?

A

James I

44
Q

Who is James I?

A

Elizabeth’s second cousin and son of Mary Queen of Scotts

THE STUARTS

45
Q

Describe James I

A

Opposite of Elizabeth as ruler (spendthrift, poor speaker, foreigner to England)
Wrote books
Sponsored William Shakespeare
Sponsored new translation of Bible (KJV)

46
Q

Who ruled after James I?

A

His son, Charles I

47
Q

Describe Charles I

A

Remote aristocrat and self destructive

*Powerful subjects had him beheaded!!!

48
Q

After Charles I, who took the throne?

A

Oliver Cromwell (lord protector of England)…not an anointed king

49
Q

Describe Oliver Cromwell

A

Not an anointed king
Headed overthrow of Charles I
Ruled as Puritan dictator with Parliament for 11 years

50
Q

Charles II?

A

Son of Charles I who returned from Exile in France to claim throne after monarchy was restored…no more Oliver Cromwell

51
Q

Whose rule marked the end of the Renaissance?

A

Charles II

AP English (7 decks)

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