The Renaissance Flashcards
What is the Renaissance?
A French word meaning “rebirth”
Refers to renewed interest in writings of Ancient Greece and Rome
In what years did the Renaissance begin and end?
1485-1660
Where was the new energy and creativity that marked the Renaissance first observed?
Italy
What religion were most people in Europe and Britain at the beginning of the Renaissance period?
Roman Catholic
What did the Church finance? And what were the 3 major areas of advancement?
Intellectual and artistic endeavors
Art, Literature, and Technology
Who is Johannes Gutenberg?
German inventor of printing with movable type.
He completed the 1st book
When/where was the 1st book printed and what was it?
Latin Bible in Mainz, Germany
1455
Who was William Caxton?
A merchant, diplomat, and writer living in Low Countries…
Set up a printing press in Westminster(100 different titles)
What was Humanism?
An intellectual movement that used the Latin and Greek classics, combined with traditional Christian thought, to teach people how to LIVE and RULE
Best known humanist?
Desiderius Erasmus
Who was Desiderius Erasmus?
Dutch monk who lived outside of monastery and loved to travel and visit many countries in Europe
On trips to England, taught Greek at Cambridge Univ. and became friendly with important people like Thomas Mor
Who was Thomas Morr?
Young lawyer who wrote poems, pamphlets, bibliographies, and his famous treatise on human society—Utopia
He held office, rose to top of profession, was knighted, and as lord chancellor, became one of king’s chief ministers
Why did they write in Latin?
For educated people
Common interests of Desiderius Erasmus and Thomas Morr?
Loved LIFE, LAUGHTER, & CLASSICAL LEARNING
Dedicated to the Church
Wrote in Latin
Disappointed in corrupt church practices
The Reformation?
Resented the financial burden imposed by the Vatican
Reasons for the Reformation?
Strong feelings of PATRIOTISM
Focus on own country
Martin Luther?
Monk who founded new kind of Christianity based on personal understanding of Bible and NOT on what POPE said
Who killed Uncle Richard III at Boswell Field?
Henry VII
Describe Henry VII
Shrewd, tough, cold, sly
What did Henry VII do?
Restored peace and order to kingdom
United houses of Lancasters and Yorks by marrying the daughter of Edward IV
What monarch marked beginning of Protestantism in England?
Henry VIII
What did the pope refuse to do for Henry VIII?
Annul marriage to Catherine of Aragon
What 2 laws did Henry VIII pass?
- ) The pope has no authority in England
2. ) the Church of England is separate from Roman Catholic Church…king is supreme head of Anglican Church
Who did Henry 8th have executed?
Thomas Morr and several others who refuse to recognize him as head of church
