The rate and extent of chemical change Flashcards
Define rate of reaction
The amount of products produced per second/the amount of reactants used up per second
Factors that affect the rate of reaction
-Concentration
-Temperature
-Presence of a catalyst
-Surface area (in solids)
Define a reversible reaction
when the products of the reaction can react together to form the reactants
Describe the energy transferred in reversible reactions
the backwards and forwards reactions will always have opposite energy changes
How can we measure rate of reaction
-Precipitate and color change (Clear to Cloudy)
-Change in mass (usually as gas given off)
-Volume of gas given off (gas syringe)
How to calculate mean rate of reaction using a graph
mean rate of reaction = change in y / change in x
Explain what is meant by dynamic equilibrium
when the backwards and forwards reactions are happening at the same rate, in a closed system and the products do not change over time
what factors can change the position of equilibrium
-Temperature
-Pressure
-Concentration
State Le Chatelier’s principle
if you change the conditions of a reversible reaction at equilibrium, the system will try to counteract that change
