Bonding structure and properties of matter (Paper 1) Flashcards
1
Q
When are ions made
A
- When electrons are transferred
2
Q
What is the charge of metal ions
A
- They become positively charged as they lose electrons
3
Q
What is the charge of non-metal ions
A
- They become negatively charged as they gain electrons
4
Q
What groups are most likely to become ions
A
- Groups 1, 2, 6 and 7
5
Q
What is the atomic structure of ionic compounds
A
- An infinitely repeating giant ionic lattice structure
6
Q
Properties of a giant ionic lattice
A
- High melting and boiling points due to strong bonds between atoms
- Can carry charge as a solute or molten Ionic compound as the delocalized electrons are free to move
7
Q
What types of bonds make up simple molecular substances
A
- Covalent
8
Q
Properties of simple molecular structures
A
- weak bonds between molecules
- As the molecules get bigger, the strength of the intermolecular forces increases
- Don’t conduct electricity as there are no free electrons
9
Q
Define polymer
A
- When lots of small units are linked together to form a long molecule that has repeating sections
10
Q
Features of polymers
A
- Covalently bonded
- Larger intermolecular forces than simple covalent
- Bonds are weaker than ionic or giant molecular compounds
11
Q
Features of giant covalent structures
A
- Very high melting points
- Never conduct electricity except graphite
- infinitely repeating
- Very strong bonds
12
Q
Define an allotrope
A
- Different structural forms of the same element in the same physical state
13
Q
List the allotropes of Carbon
A
- Diamond
- Graphite
- Graphene
- Fullerenes
14
Q
Why can graphite conduct electricity
A
- There are no covalent bonds between the layers of graphite so there is one delocalized electron to carry charge
15
Q
Structure of metallic bonding
A
- Giant metallic structure
