The Protectorate Flashcards
Cromwells 4 fundamentals
Parliament and Lord protector had to work together
LP must control the army
Parl can’t be self interested
Religious tolerance
These make him not a dictator
Cromwells ordinaces
What do they reveal
Parls fault that protectorate failed.
They passed none of the ordinances. Even the ejectors ordinance (removal of bad head teachers)
Cromwell also tried making the law more humane, banning mutilations. Parl didn’t pass any of it.
Oath of recognition
“Agree to the four fundamentals or get out”
Dictator?¿?
About 80 MPs left
The rest continued to try to redraft the inst of gov.
22nd Jan 1655, Cromwell disproved the first protectorate parliament
This was deemed illegal. Parliament had to be in session for 5 months.
Cromwell dissolved them early, counting it as 5 “lunar” months
Why parliament are to blame for the failure of the first protectorate parliament
Passed zero laws, even though Cromwell had loads of ordinances
They bitched about the inst of gov the whole time
Why Cromwell was to blame for the failure of the first protectorate parliament
Dissolved them early
Arguably asked for too much from them
Why the instrument of government was to blame for the failure of the first protectorate parliament
To vague, not specific
Five lunar months
Why Cromwell turned to the major generals oct 1655-sept 1656
George cony
The case of George cony
Refused to pay tax because only parl could raise taxes
Cromwell imprisoned him and his lawyers
Lord chief of justice forced to resign after he heard George’s case
Shows Cromwell needed someone to enforce his rules
Why Cromwell turned to the major generals oct 1655-sept 1656
Penruddock rising
March 1655, royalist rebellion, easily defeated.
Need major generals to stop further royalist uprisings
Why Cromwell turned to the major generals oct 1655-sept 1656
Vaudois massacre
May 1955, 200-300 Protestants murdered by Catholics in Europe
Need MG to make sure there’s no catholic uprising in England
Why Cromwell turned to the major generals oct 1655-sept 1656
The western design
July 1655, naval exposition to the Caribbean to challenge Spain’s dominance
Was a humiliating defeat
His first loss (although he wasn’t actually there)
Shows sign for change, introduces major generals
Why the major generals failed
Given too much to do (stopping rebellions, promoting godliness, find people jobs etc)
Unpopular
Finance, was a huge cost.
John biddle
In trouble with parliament
Cromwell moved him to the scilly isles
James nayler
He was a Quaker, parl don’t like Quakers
He tried to reenact christs entry to Jerusalem.
(Rode naked on a donkey)
He was sentenced to humiliation, branding, tongue-boring and flogging (twice)
Cromwell had sympathy for nayler. He didn’t press for action however because he needed money from parl
What does the case of James nayler show
Shows how parl and crom had such different ideas
Inst of gov allowed parl and crom to act far too independently
Religion is arguably the most important factor in why protectorate failed
