the prosodic features and connected speech processes Flashcards
(PIVoTS)
what is the acronym for prosodic features
PIVoTS
what does PIVoTS stand for
Pitch
Intonation
Volume
Tempo
Stress
what is pitch
pitch is how high the voice is reflecting how quickly the vocal coids vibrate
* rising
* falling
what is intonation
intonation refers to the way pitch changes across an utterance
* funal (.)
* continueing (,)
* questioning (?)
what is volume
how loud some one or something is (loud or soft)
loud
* forte
soft
* piano
what is tempo
tempo is the speed at which we talk (timing)
* fast
-allegro (A)
* slow
- lento (L)
what is the stress
the emphasis placed on a specific syllable within a word
* (^)
* ( _ underlining of the word)
what are connected speech processes
the fluency efficent with our speech
what is are the connected speech process
- elision
- vowel reduction
- assumilation
- insertation
what is elision
elision is the delection/removal or a phoneme. it is common to see a elision in text, written as an apostrophe (e.g. cos for because, or didn’t for did not.) we often elide sounds in rapid everyday speech ( e.g. fish n chips from fish and chips)
what is vowel reduction
vowel weakening ( the phoneme is still their but just not as strong). instead of disappearing vowels in stressed positions are reduced to a schwa. so the word ‘to’/tu might be replaced/reduced to [te] (unside down e)
what is a assumilation
the changing phomenes to enchance fluency (sounds can change ad it is due to place of mouth nad articlaution ) can occur within words and between words. assumulation may be progessive, where the sound is affected by a proceeding sound or regressive, where the following sounds are affected
what is insertation
adding a sound (umb(e)rella, it can a subtle hint of where a sound shoudln’t be.) both constants and vowels can be added to the pronucation of words in connected speech. it is quite common, for instance, for people to insert a vowel in souvlaki so it sounds like ‘souv-e-laki’.
