The progress of war Flashcards
When was the levee en masse issued?
23rd August 1793 - levee en masse proposed by CPS to swing war progress as France suffered many defeats: immediate military service for 18-25yo men, elderly people gathering support, women/children creating supplies
When did weapons manufacture start in Paris?
October 1793 - new process to increase gunpowder supplies, factories were taught how to manufacture steel
What did Carnot and Saint-Just do?
Replaced ‘aristocratic’ generals or those associated with the old regime with younger ones who weren’t noble, and 17 generals were executed in 1793
War in August 1793?
Lyons besieged by Republican forces, France won at Furnes, rebels invited the British to Toulon
War in September 1793?
France achieved victory at Battle of Hondschoote and the siege of Dunkirk lifted but defeated by Spain at Battle of Trouillas
War in October 1793?
Lyons surrendered to the Republicans, Republicans defeat Vendee rebels, Marseilles recaptured
War in December 1793?
Vendee rebels defeated at Le Mans, French defeated Austria at Alsace and took it
CPS
Supervised and executed measures taken by Executive Council, assumed authority of CGS, set up representatives en mission, members supposed to change once a month but dominant members emerged from September, Convention allocated them funds for ‘special missions’
When was Marat killed?
13th July 1793 - Charlotte Corday killed Marat at a dinner with a knife - further discredits Girondins
Sans-culottes
Marat killed, grain shortages, unemployment -> constant rioting, calls for suspects to be arrested: sans-culottes had a lot of power since Jacobins had ‘sold themselves’ to the sans-culottes to get rid of the Girondins
When did the sans-culottes march on the Convention?
5th September 1793 - due to grain shortages and unemployment
What was created on 9th September 1793?
Armee Revolutionnaire: armies to confront counter-revolutionary activity, made up of sans-culottes, disliked by rural areas (symbol of violence from Paris) and CPS (beyond control of authorities)
When and what was the Law of Suspects?
17th September 1793 - people could be considered suspects under tyranny, federalism, enemies of liberty - very vague to legalize their attack on Girondins
When and what was the Second Law of Maximum?
29th September 1793 - maximum prices for grain, flour, meat, oil, onions, soap etc. - same prices as 1790 plus one third (increased from first law)
