The Professional Dental Hygienest

Question 1

What is dental hygiene (3)

Answer 1

• The art and science of preventive oral healthcare
• management of behaviors to prevent oral disease
• promotion of oral health

Question 2

what is a dental hygienist

Answer 2

licensed preventive oral health professional who graduated from an accredited program and supports overall health via the promotion of oral health

Question 3

who is the father of dental hygiene?
who/when was the first dental hygienist?
how did the name dental hygienist evolve

Answer 3

• Dr. Alfred Fones; created first DH program
• Irene Newman; trained by Fones; 1917
• Dr. Fones felt it emphasized prevention rather than treatment, kids were coming to cleanings with cavities already there

Question 4

what is a clinician hygienist? EX

Answer 4

• provides direct patient care with other health professionals

private practice, hospitals, schools

Question 5

what is a corporate hygienist? EX

Answer 5

• works for a company that supports oral health through promotion of oral health products/services

product sales and research, corporate educator/administrator

Question 6

what is a public health hygienist; ex

Answer 6

enhances access to care in community health programs founded by the government or nonprofit organizations

community clinics, government health service, school sealant programs

Question 7

what is a researcher hygienist; ex

Answer 7

conducts studies to test new procedures, products, or theories for accuracy

universities, corporations, government agencies

Question 8

what is an educator hygienist; ex

Answer 8

uses educational theory and methodology to educate competent oral health professionals or provide continuing education

DH program clinical or classroom instruction, corporate educator

Question 9

what is an administrator hygienist; ex

Answer 9

Evaluates and modifies health or education programs

program director in clinical/educational/corporate settings

Question 10

what is an entrepreneur hygienist; ex

Answer 10

initiate or finance new oral health-related enterprises

management/product development, consulting, independent clinical practice, professional speaker/writer

Question 11

what are the dental hygiene practice acts?

what does it establish?

it defines?

how does it protect the public?

what is the “Board of Dentistry”

Answer 11

• laws established in each state to regulate the practice of DH
• establishes criteria for dental hygiene education, licensure, and re-licensure
• defines legal scope of practice
• makes practice of uncredentialed and unlicensed persons illegal
• board created by DH practice acts empowered with legal authority to oversee the policies and procedures affecting the DH practice in that jurisdiction

Question 12

what is the process of licensure (5)

Answer 12

• graduation from an accredited DH program
• pass the written national board exam (NBDHE)
• pass the state/regional clinical board exam
• (some states require you pass jurisprudence exam)
• application and license fees

Question 13

What is CODA, what do they do? (4)

Answer 13

Commission on Dental Accreditation

• establishes a minimum set of national standards for educational institutions and DH programs
• Voluntary
• nongovernmental process
• protects the public

Question 14

who administers the NBDHE

Answer 14

American Dental Association Joint Commission on National Dental Examinations

Question 15

Describe the clinical board exam
3

Answer 15

• national ADEX exam administered by CDCA-WREB-CITA
• not accepted in Nebraska/Delaware
• it’s the candidate’s responsibility to contact the state board to assure their state accepts the ADEX

Question 16

direct supervision

Answer 16

dentist must be present for the procedure

Question 17

personal supervision

Answer 17

the dentist must authorize, be present, and check work before dismissal of paitent

Question 18

general supervision

Answer 18

The dentist authorizes the procedure but does not have to be present while the RDH carries out the procedure; GENERAL > GONE

Question 19

direct access supervision

Answer 19

hygienist can provide services without specific authorization, limited to preventive services provided in specific public health settings

Question 20

collaborative practice (type of supervision)

Answer 20

collaborative agreement between dentist and a dental hygienist allows practice without dentist supervision

Question 21

indirect supervision

Answer 21

the dentist must authorize the procedure and be in the office/building while services are performed.

(doesn’t have to be in the procedure room)

Question 22

remote supervision

Answer 22

supervising dentist is not on-site. communication through phone/email.

Question 23

independent practice (type of supervision)

Answer 23

the DH can provide services within the scope of DH practice in any setting and without authorization of supervision by a dentist

not legal in VA

Question 24

how does the scope of DH practice vary by state?

Answer 24

Varies majorly. In Colorado, hygienists have a broad scope of practice. In North Carolina, hygienists have a narrow scope.

Question 25

What is direct access? how many states have it?

Answer 25

The ability for the hygienist to authorize and carry out procedures without approval from the dentist. 42 states as of 2021

Question 26

what are the clinical roles of an Advanced Dental Therapist (ADT) (8)

Answer 26

- caries removal - composite/resin and amalgam fillings - space maintainers - stainless steel and temporary crowns - pulpotomy - pulp vitality testing - simple extractions of primary teeth - collaboration with dentist

Question 26

What are other names for "Advanced Practice Dental Hygiene? why was it developed? what did Alaska do; Minnesota? in how many states is it legal to be an Advanced practice dental hygienist

Answer 26

Mid-level oral health practitioner, mid-level provider, advanced dental therapists, dental health aide therapist developed to address access to care issues for low-income communities, at-risk populations, and rural areas Alaska had the first dental health aide therapist in 2006; Minnesota approved a masters level advanced dental therapist program in 2009 14 currently

Question 27

what are the 4 competency domains when providing interprofessional collaborative care? describe them

Answer 27

1. values/ethics > Maintain a climate of mutual respect and shared values 2. roles/responsibilities > Use knowledge of your role and other professionals to address the healthcare needs of patients 3. interprofessional communication > communicating with patients, families, communities, and professionals in health and other fields in a responsible manner 4. teams and teamwork > Apply relationship building values to perform effectively

Question 28

what professional DH organization came out in these years? 1963, 1923, 1986, 1932

Answer 28

1923 - American Dental Hygienists Association 1932 - National Dental Hygienists' Association 1963 - Canadian Dental Hygienists Association 1986 - International Federation of Dental Hygienists' (consists of 30 countries)

Question 29

What did the ADHA develop What did the ADEA develop

Answer 29

- The American Dental Hygienists' Association developed the standards for clinical dental hygiene practice; a guide for DH practitioners in providing client-centered and evidence-based clinical care - ADEA developed competencies for entry into allied dental professions; describes the abilities needed for entering the DH profession

Question 30

what are the 7 core values centeral to the DH profession set by the ADHA

Answer 30

1. individual autonomy > Treat people w. respect 2. confidentiality >HIPPA, don't share patient info 3. societal trust > patient and public trust as professionals 4. non-maleficence > protect patients, minimize harm 5. beneficence > Promote well being and disease prevention 6. Justice and fairness > fair and equitable distribution of resources 7. veracity > honesty

Question 31

what is ADPIED

Answer 31

Assessment > Collection and analysis of data DH diagnosis > Identification of health behaviors, attitudes, and oral health care needs Planning > setting realistic goals and selecting DH interventions Implementation > Carrying out the DH plan of care Evaluation > Measure how the plan worked Documentation > maintain community care, provide means of communication, minimize the risk of malpractice

Question 32

What is a paradigm what are the four major paradigm concepts in DH

Answer 32

widely accepted worldview of a discipline that shapes the direction and methods of its practitioners, educators, administrators, and researchers Client, Environment, Health/oral health, dental hygiene actions

Question 33

describe the DH paradigm concepts

Answer 33

client: individuals, groups, or communities, including people of all ages, genders, and socio-cultural and economic status environment: economic, psychological, cultural, physical, legal, educational, ethical, and geographic factors Health and oral health: a continuum from maximum wellness to maximum illness DH actions: promote oral wellness and prevent or control oral disease

Question 34

What conceptual model do we use in the US?

Answer 34

Dental Hygiene Human Needs Conceptual Model: defines dental hygiene actions in terms of he humans needs theory

Question 35

what are the eight human needs in clinical care

Answer 35

protection from health risks freedom from fear and stress freedom from pain wholesome facial image skin and mucous membrane integrity of the head and neck biologically sound and functional dentition conceptualization and problem-solving responsibility for oral health