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DH Theory 1 > The Professional Dental Hygienest > Flashcards

The Professional Dental Hygienest Flashcards

1
Q

What is dental hygiene (3)

A
  • The art and science of preventive oral healthcare
  • management of behaviors to prevent oral disease
  • promotion of oral health
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2
Q

what is a dental hygienist

A

licensed preventive oral health professional who graduated from an accredited program and supports overall health via the promotion of oral health

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3
Q

who is the father of dental hygiene?
who/when was the first dental hygienist?
how did the name dental hygienist evolve

A
  • Dr. Alfred Fones; created first DH program
  • Irene Newman; trained by Fones; 1917
  • Dr. Fones felt it emphasized prevention rather than treatment, kids were coming to cleanings with cavities already there
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4
Q

what is a clinician hygienist? EX

A
  • provides direct patient care with other health professionals

private practice, hospitals, schools

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5
Q

what is a corporate hygienist? EX

A
  • works for a company that supports oral health through promotion of oral health products/services

product sales and research, corporate educator/administrator

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6
Q

what is a public health hygienist; ex

A

enhances access to care in community health programs founded by the government or nonprofit organizations

community clinics, government health service, school sealant programs

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7
Q

what is a researcher hygienist; ex

A

conducts studies to test new procedures, products, or theories for accuracy

universities, corporations, government agencies

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8
Q

what is an educator hygienist; ex

A

uses educational theory and methodology to educate competent oral health professionals or provide continuing education

DH program clinical or classroom instruction, corporate educator

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9
Q

what is an administrator hygienist; ex

A

Evaluates and modifies health or education programs

program director in clinical/educational/corporate settings

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10
Q

what is an entrepreneur hygienist; ex

A

initiate or finance new oral health-related enterprises

management/product development, consulting, independent clinical practice, professional speaker/writer

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11
Q

what are the dental hygiene practice acts?

what does it establish?

it defines?

how does it protect the public?

what is the “Board of Dentistry”

A
  • laws established in each state to regulate the practice of DH
  • establishes criteria for dental hygiene education, licensure, and re-licensure
  • defines legal scope of practice
  • makes practice of uncredentialed and unlicensed persons illegal
  • board created by DH practice acts empowered with legal authority to oversee the policies and procedures affecting the DH practice in that jurisdiction
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12
Q

what is the process of licensure (5)

A
  • graduation from an accredited DH program
  • pass the written national board exam (NBDHE)
  • pass the state/regional clinical board exam
  • (some states require you pass jurisprudence exam)
  • application and license fees
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13
Q

What is CODA, what do they do? (4)

A

Commission on Dental Accreditation

  • establishes a minimum set of national standards for educational institutions and DH programs
  • Voluntary
  • nongovernmental process
  • protects the public
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14
Q

who administers the NBDHE

A

American Dental Association Joint Commission on National Dental Examinations

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15
Q

Describe the clinical board exam
3

A
  • national ADEX exam administered by CDCA-WREB-CITA
  • not accepted in Nebraska/Delaware
  • it’s the candidate’s responsibility to contact the state board to assure their state accepts the ADEX
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16
Q

direct supervision

A

dentist must be present for the procedure

17
Q

personal supervision

A

the dentist must authorize, be present, and check work before dismissal of paitent

18
Q

general supervision

A

The dentist authorizes the procedure but does not have to be present while the RDH carries out the procedure; GENERAL > GONE

19
Q

direct access supervision

A

hygienist can provide services without specific authorization, limited to preventive services provided in specific public health settings

20
Q

collaborative practice (type of supervision)

A

collaborative agreement between dentist and a dental hygienist allows practice without dentist supervision

21
Q

indirect supervision

A

the dentist must authorize the procedure and be in the office/building while services are performed.

(doesn’t have to be in the procedure room)

22
Q

remote supervision

A

supervising dentist is not on-site. communication through phone/email.

23
Q

independent practice (type of supervision)

A

the DH can provide services within the scope of DH practice in any setting and without authorization of supervision by a dentist

not legal in VA

24
Q

how does the scope of DH practice vary by state?

A

Varies majorly. In Colorado, hygienists have a broad scope of practice. In North Carolina, hygienists have a narrow scope.

25
Q

What is direct access? how many states have it?

A

The ability for the hygienist to authorize and carry out procedures without approval from the dentist.

42 states as of 2021

26
Q

what are the clinical roles of an Advanced Dental Therapist (ADT) (8)

A
  • caries removal
  • composite/resin and amalgam fillings
  • space maintainers
  • stainless steel and temporary crowns
  • pulpotomy
  • pulp vitality testing
  • simple extractions of primary teeth
  • collaboration with dentist
26
Q

What are other names for “Advanced Practice Dental Hygiene?

why was it developed?

what did Alaska do; Minnesota?

in how many states is it legal to be an Advanced practice dental hygienist

A

Mid-level oral health practitioner, mid-level provider, advanced dental therapists, dental health aide therapist

developed to address access to care issues for low-income communities, at-risk populations, and rural areas

Alaska had the first dental health aide therapist in 2006; Minnesota approved a masters level advanced dental therapist program in 2009

14 currently

27
Q

what are the 4 competency domains when providing interprofessional collaborative care? describe them

A
  1. values/ethics > Maintain a climate of mutual respect and shared values
  2. roles/responsibilities > Use knowledge of your role and other professionals to address the healthcare needs of patients
  3. interprofessional communication > communicating with patients, families, communities, and professionals in health and other fields in a responsible manner
  4. teams and teamwork > Apply relationship building values to perform effectively
28
Q

what professional DH organization came out in these years?

1963, 1923, 1986, 1932

A

1923 - American Dental Hygienists Association

1932 - National Dental Hygienists’ Association

1963 - Canadian Dental Hygienists Association

1986 - International Federation of Dental Hygienists’ (consists of 30 countries)

29
Q

What did the ADHA develop

What did the ADEA develop

A
  • The American Dental Hygienists’ Association developed the standards for clinical dental hygiene practice; a guide for DH practitioners in providing client-centered and evidence-based clinical care
  • ADEA developed competencies for entry into allied dental professions; describes the abilities needed for entering the DH profession
30
Q

what are the 7 core values centeral to the DH profession set by the ADHA

A
  1. individual autonomy > Treat people w. respect
  2. confidentiality >HIPPA, don’t share patient info
  3. societal trust > patient and public trust as professionals
  4. non-maleficence > protect patients, minimize harm
  5. beneficence > Promote well being and disease prevention
  6. Justice and fairness > fair and equitable distribution of resources
  7. veracity > honesty
31
Q

what is ADPIED

A

Assessment > Collection and analysis of data

DH diagnosis > Identification of health behaviors, attitudes, and oral health care needs

Planning > setting realistic goals and selecting DH interventions

Implementation > Carrying out the DH plan of care

Evaluation > Measure how the plan worked

Documentation > maintain community care, provide means of communication, minimize the risk of malpractice

32
Q

What is a paradigm

what are the four major paradigm concepts in DH

A

widely accepted worldview of a discipline that shapes the direction and methods of its practitioners, educators, administrators, and researchers

Client, Environment, Health/oral health, dental hygiene actions

33
Q

describe the DH paradigm concepts

A

client: individuals, groups, or communities, including people of all ages, genders, and socio-cultural and economic status

environment: economic, psychological, cultural, physical, legal, educational, ethical, and geographic factors

Health and oral health: a continuum from maximum wellness to maximum illness

DH actions: promote oral wellness and prevent or control oral disease

34
Q

What conceptual model do we use in the US?

A

Dental Hygiene Human Needs Conceptual Model: defines dental hygiene actions in terms of he humans needs theory

35
Q

what are the eight human needs in clinical care

A

protection from health risks

freedom from fear and stress

freedom from pain

wholesome facial image

skin and mucous membrane integrity of the head and neck

biologically sound and functional dentition

conceptualization and problem-solving

responsibility for oral health

DH Theory 1 (9 decks)

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