The Problem Of Reform In Imperial Russia Flashcards
2 things that were obstacles to political reform
1) Slavophiles urged the nation to preserve itself as ‘holy Russia’ and not be corrupted by western values. 2) The autocratic structure meant that changed could only come from the top. 3)
Name local government reform in 1861 and what this meant for Russia
1) Creation of the ZEMSTVA which was elected local councils. 2) does provide Russia with a form of representative government
Define ‘mir’
The traditional Village community
Name a legal Reform and what this meant for Russia
From under Alexander II, the relaxation of control over Press And universities. Produced and encouraged the intelligentsia - educated and enlightened members of Russian society that desire Western change in Russia
What was the limited nature of the reforms
Alexander II went too far with reforms and he went back to his autocratic severe ways of ruling. ( the Sims 4 act 1890 meant that it decreased the Independence of the ZEMSTVA) Continued by his son Alexander the third who became notorious for his severe ruling
What was the personality of Nicholas II how did this affect his policies and his ruling
Weak and Ignorant. Followed path of previous Tsars and he was suspicious of change. Inherited repressive policies which angered intelligentsia and critics of regime
How did Pobedonostev (the Grand Inquisitor), Nicholas’ tutor, influence his rule
Adopted his distaste for liberalism and democracy. He was behind many of the pogroms - fierce persecution - in order to enforce religious conformity
Name three outcomes of Russification
Russian was declared to be the first official language. 2) 600 measures imposed for Jewish people to restrict them - living in ghettos. 3) Tsarist supporters ‘the black hundreds’ attacks the Jewish people and establishments
Response to Nicholas II’s policies
Increase in political opposition, alienation of the majority of the five million Jews in Russia
