The Plant Kingdom- Travelling

Question 1

What do we mean by plants are sessile

Answer 1

They remain in one place after germination unlike animals

Question 2

What has the purpose of seed dispersal

Answer 2

To ensure that as many seeds as possible end up in sites with the right growing conditions to allow them to grow, germinate and reproduce as successfully as possible

Question 3

What influences how they’re dispersed

Answer 3

Their size and shape

Question 4

Name 5 dispersal methods

Answer 4

Water 
Wind 
Animals 
Gravity 
Force

Question 5

Gravity

Answer 5

Large heavy fruits just drop straight off the tree onto the ground when they’re ripe (eg. Apples coconuts and calabash )
If they rough shells they sow,times roll away from from the parent plant, the higher they are the further they will roll, if they have softer skin they might burst open on landing, scattering the seeds, once they’re on the ground the might Be carried further away by water wind or animals

Question 6

Force

Answer 6

Some fruits provide their seed pods with an ejecting mechanism to eject the seeds by force

Question 7

Force - Give three examples

Answer 7

• squirting cucumber with jet propulsion
• Himalayan balsam, the slightest touch van explode the capsule to propel its seeds 5 meters
• the ivy leaved toadflax hat have pedicels which move about to plant the seeds in crevices

Question 8

Animals

Answer 8

The way animals help to disperse seeds depends on what type of seeds they are

Question 9

What are the two different types of animals seed dispersion (describe them)

Answer 9

Active - with attractive fruit or seeds

passive - seeds with clinging hooks or spines

Question 10

Name 5 active animal seed transportation examples

Answer 10

• Cassowary so are the same colour as the fruit they eat, colour serves as an attractant
• durian fruit has a foul smell to attract orangutans
• seeds from rhino apples are transported in dung by rhinos because they can’t germinate in forests so are moved to grasslands
• mistletoe is covered in a sticky slime which the birds rub off on a new tree
• in SA ants carry seeds into their nests and eat the outer shell and leave the seeds to Grow safely underground

Question 11

Name 1 passive animal seed transportation example

Answer 11

Black jacks that have little hooks that stick to animals fur or people clothing, we then move a distance away and they fall or rub off in a new place

Question 12

Wind - 2 examples

Answer 12

• dandelion seeds can travel like parachutes and are carried high into the sky by wind
• the dry skeleton of a birdcage plant blows along desert sands to disperse the seeds

Question 13

Water - 1 example

Answer 13

The tropical sea bean van float many miles over a long period of time me can travel from the Caribbean to Europe along ocean currents