THE PLANT KINGDOM

Question 1

Name 4 characteristics of plants

Answer 1

multicellular, eurkaryotic, autotrophic, cell walls made up of cellulose.

Question 2

the plant kingdom consists of 5 main divisions, name them :

Answer 2

algae, bryophytes, pteridophytes, gymnosperms, angiosperms.

Question 3

4 characteristics of algae

Answer 3

primitive, most are aquatic, no roots, some exist in a symbiotic relationship.

Question 4

the two groups of bryophytes.

Answer 4

Mosses and Liverworts

Question 5

4 characteristics of bryophytes.

Answer 5

small land plants, non vascular plants, no proper roots, do not grow large in size.

Question 6

name the moss external anatomy.

Answer 6

rhizoids, gametophytes, sporophyte, seta, spores, capsule.

Question 7

what are pteridophytes ?

Answer 7

ferns

Question 8

3 characteristics of pteridophytes.

Answer 8

large complex bodies, vascular tissue, waxy layer.

Question 9

name the parts of the fern

Answer 9

rhizome, stalk, pinnule, pinna, axis, blade, frond.

Question 10

what are gymnosperms ?

Answer 10

conifers

Question 11

3 characteristics of gymnopsperms

Answer 11

trees or shrubs often with needle like leaves, well-developed vascular system, produce seeds.

Question 12

what are angiosperms ?

Answer 12

flowering plants

Question 13

3 characteristics of angiosperms.

Answer 13

biggest group of the plant kingdom, flowering plants, they have roots.

Question 14

2 main categories of flowering plants

Answer 14

monocotyledons (monocots) , dicotyledons (dicots)

Question 15

what are monocots ?

Answer 15

these are plants whose seeds have one cotyledon.

Question 16

what are dicots ?

Answer 16

flowering plants that have two cotyledons in their seeds.

Question 17

function of the stem in flowering plants:

Answer 17

carries food to all parts of the plant, holds and spaces out the leaves, holds up flower for pollination.

Question 18

function of the leaf in flowering plants:

Answer 18

where most photosynthesis takes place, attach to the stem by means of a leaf stalk.

Question 19

veins in dicots:

Answer 19

branch out in form of a network.

Question 20

veins in monocots:

Answer 20

parallel to the mid rib.

Question 21

function of the bud:

Answer 21

small parts of the plants which are developing into stem, leaves or flowers.

Question 22

what are lateral buds:

Answer 22

found on the side of the stem and will develop into new branches of the plant.

Question 23

what are apical buds:

Answer 23

found at the tip of the shoot and brings about the elongation of the stem.

Question 24

function of the flowers;

Answer 24

reproductive structures of the plants,

Question 25

monocots: flowers

Answer 25

in multiples of three

Question 26

dicots: flowers

Answer 26

in multiples of 5

Question 27

What is the function of the root?

Answer 27

to anchor the plant in the soil, to uptake of water and dissolved nutrients from the soil.

Question 28

name the 2 different types of root systems

Answer 28

tap root system, fibrous root system.

Question 29

explain the tap root system:

Answer 29

found in dicots, consists of a main root with several shorter roots coming out from it.

Question 30

explain the fibrous system:

Answer 30

found in monocots. consists of several equal sized roots arising from the stem.

Question 31

what do roots also contain.

Answer 31

root hairs.