The Plant Body: Leaves Flashcards
-Outermost cell layer surrounding the plant body.
- Serves as protection, regulation of growth, and interactions with the environment.
Epidermis
-Part of a plant stem where the growth of leaves takes place.
Node
-Part of a plant stem which is the diameter of 2 constructive nodes.
Internode
-Primary growing point located at the root and shoot tip.
- Vertical growth (height).
Apical Bud
- Produces auxin to inhibit lateral buds
(apical dominance). - Dominates growth by suppressing
lateral buds.
Apical Bud
- Contributes to branching and secondary growth.
- Horizontal growth (width).
Lateral Bud (Axillary bud)
- Found along the sides of the stem
(axils). - These buds have the potential to grow
into branches, leaves, or flowers.
Lateral Bud (Axillary bud)
-spot where lateral buds grow (side growth potential).
Axils
- Capture sunlight and turn it into energy through photosynthesis. Also help with gas exchange, control water loss, and store nutrients.
Leaf
- Reproductive structure of the plant. - Where reproductive, pollination, &
fertilization occurs.
Flower
- Matured ovary of the flower.
- Contains and protects the seeds.
Fruit
-Contains the embryo for new plant growth.
- Result of fertilization (embryo + food).
Seed
-Transports water, minerals, and food throughout the plant.
Vascular Tissue
2 types of vascular tissue
Xylem & Phloem
-Moves water and nutrients upward from the roots to the leaves.
Xylem
-Moves food downward (or sometimes upward) to other parts of the plant.
Phloem
-Supports the plant, stores nutrients, and helps with photosynthesis.
Ground tissue
3 types of ground tissue
Parenchyma, Collenchyma, and Sclerenchyma
-Cells that store food, water, and help in photosynthesis (especially in leaves).
Parenchyma
Provides flexible support, especially in growing parts of the plant.
Collenchyma
-Provides rigid support and strength with thick, hardened walls.
Sclerenchyma
Grows in a vertical direction.
Composed of:
Root hair
Root tip
Root cap
Primary root
-Location of cell division (12-36 hrs in roots).
Meristematic Region
-Growth and elongation (primary growth of the root).
- Contains the apical meristem or meristematic region, where cell division (in roots) occurs.
Root tip
-Protects root tip and helps with gravitoprism
Root cap
-Just behind the root tip
-Absorb water and nutrients & increase root surface area.
Root hair
-Develop into secondary and tertiary
roots that contribute to the ability of the root system to anchor the plant to the ground.
Lateral root
Creates 3 tissues needed for Primary root growth:
A. Protoderm - epidermis
B. Procambium - vascular tissue
C. Ground Meristem - ground tissue
