The Physics of Ice Flashcards
What is enthalpy change of fusion?
When ice is formed large amounts of heat are released and when ice melts large amount of heat is absorbed, known as enthalpy change of fusion or heat of fusion.
What happens to the temperature of water as it reaches freezing point (0°C/32°F)?
The temperature fall steadily until it drops just below the freezing point (0°C/32°F). The temperature then rebounds and holds steady while the water crystallises. Once completely frozen, the temperature will fall steadily again
What is an unusal property of ice?
An unusual property of ice frozen at a pressure of one atmosphere is that the solid is some 8% less dense than liquid water. Water is the only known non-metallic substance to expand when it freezes.
What is the freezing temperature of sea ice?
Sea ice is formed from ocean water that freezes. Because the oceans consist of salt water, this occurs at about -1.8°C/28.8°F.
What are icebergs formed of?
Sea ice may be contrasted with icebergs, which are chunks of ice shelves or glaciers that fall into the ocean. Icebergs are compacted snow and hence fresh water.
What significants do polar ice packs have?
Because of vast amounts of water added to or removed from the oceans and atmosphere, the behaviour of polar ice packs are said to have a significant impact of the global changes in climate.
What is a halocline?
Where layers of salt and fresh water meet are called haloclines.
Where can haloclines be found?
Haloclines can be seen diving where the land level is not high above sea level and the more dense salt water is underneath the fresh water level. Haloclines are also found in fjords, and poorly mixed estuaries where fresh water is deposited at the ocean surface.
