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Pharm Y1 > The Pharmacist Semester 1 > Flashcards

The Pharmacist Semester 1 Flashcards

1
Q

List the 7 principles in the code of ethics.

A

Patients are the first concern
Use professional judgement in the interest of the patient and the public
Show respect for others
Encourage patients to participate in decisions about their care
Develop professional knowledge and competence
Be honest and trustworthy
Take responsibility for your work practices

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2
Q

What are the four stages in the journey of a prescription?

A

Practitioner diagnoses and prescribes
Patient hands prescription into pharmacy
Pharmacy dispenses medicine
Pharmacist gives the medicine to a patient

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3
Q

What are the two types of prescription?

A

NHS- full cost paid by taxes, prescription charge applies unless exempt
Private- full cost of prescription and medicine covered by patient

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4
Q

Give examples of prescribers

A

Medical doctor
Nurse practitioner
Dentist
Pharmacist

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5
Q

In what circumstances can a GSL line medicine be sold?

A

In any retail outlet

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6
Q

In what circumstances can a P line medicine be sold?

A

Sold only with pharmacist supervision

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7
Q

In what circumstances can a PO line medicine be sold?

A

GSL but sold under responsible pharmacist rules

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8
Q

What is a POM?

A

Only to be supplied with a prescription under pharmacist supervision

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9
Q

What is a CD?

A

A drug controlled by the Misuse of Drugs Act

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10
Q

What are the 6 legal requirements for a prescription?

A 
Patient's name
Patient's address
Prescriber's name and address
Patient's age if over than 12 years (DOB if under)
Signature of prescriber
Appropriate date
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11
Q

What are the 6 legal requirements of a label?

A 
Name of patient
Name and address of supplier (pharmacy)
Date of dispensing
Directions for use
Drug name
Expiry and batch number if made extemporaneously
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12
Q

What is a near miss?

A

An error that is identified and rectified during the dispensing process

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13
Q

Give examples of clinical errors.

A

Overdose
Inappropriate medicine
Interaction not identified
Underdose

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14
Q

What is a parenteral route?

A

Injection directly into a body compartment or cavity

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15
Q

Give three examples of intravenous administration.

A

Bolus injection
Intermittent infusion
Continuous infusion

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16
Q

Give 6 examples of oral administration.

A 
Tablet
Capsule
Powder
Syrup
Suspension
Linctus
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17
Q

Give two examples of rectal administration.

A

Suppository

Enema

18
Q

Give four examples of topical administration.

A

Cream
Gel
Ointment
Lotion

19
Q

Give two advantages of parenteral administration.

A

Rapid action

Can be used in an uncooperative patient

20
Q

Give two advantages of oral administration.

A

Regular dosing is straightforward and convenient

Cheap to supply

21
Q

Give three advantages of transdermal administration.

A

Bypasses first pass metabolism
Reduces risk of side effects
Long lasting

22
Q

What code and colour is given to a GP prescription?

A

FP10SS
FP10NC (handwritten)
Green

23
Q

What code and colour is given to a Nurse practitioner prescription?

A

FP10P

Lilac

24
Q

What code and colour is given to a dentist prescription?

A

FP10D

Yellow

25
Q

What is the Black List?

A

Drugs not permitted on the NHS

26
Q

What is the ACBS?

A

List of foods/toiletries that can be prescribed in specific circumstances

27
Q

Define empathy.

A

Ability to understand and share the feelings of others

28
Q

What are pharmacokinetics?

A

Passage of drug through the body and what the body does to the drug

29
Q

What are pharmacodynamics?

A

How the drug acts and what it does to the body

30
Q

What is ADME?

A

Absorption of drugs into the bloodstream
Distribution of drug into tissues and extravascular fluids
Metabolism of drugs
Excretion of drugs mainly by the kidneys

31
Q

Define bioavailability.

A

Percentage of administered dose that reaches systemic circulation

32
Q

What is volume of distribution? And what does a low Vd show?

A

It measures the extent to which the drug moves into the tissues. A small Vd shows that most of the drug is in the blood

33
Q

What is the rate of elimination?

A

Clearance x concentration of drug in the body

34
Q

What is clearance?

A

Volume of plasma completely cleared of the drug over unit time

35
Q

List four parts of the body involved in metabolism.

A

Liver
Lungs
GI tract
Kidneys

36
Q

List four parts of the body involved in excretion

A

Kidneys
Salvia
Sweat
Breast milk

37
Q

In what circumstances are drug-drug interactions beneficial?

A

If blood levels of the drug increases

If they contribute to reducing side effects

38
Q

What is a black dot interaction?

A

A potentially hazardous interaction that should be avoided where possible

39
Q

Who is more likely to experience drug-drug interactions?

A

Elderly patients
Those taking numerous drugs
Those with hepatic or renal impairment
Those with concomitant disease

40
Q

How would you measure a pharmacokinetic interaction?

A

Look for signs of toxicity or reduced efficacy

41
Q

Give four examples of types of pharmacodynamic interaction.

A

Same pharmacological effects
Toxic effects
Antagonistic effects
Disturbances in electrolytes

Pharm Y1 (11 decks)

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