The Periodic Table Flashcards
What is the periodic table?
An arrangement of the elements in which they are sequenced in order of increasing atomic number
Where are the Periods and where are the Groups?
Horizontal rows = PERIODS
Vertical columns = GROUPS
What does the period tell you about an element?
The number of the period indicates the outermost filled shell of electrons for the atoms of the elements in that period
What does the group tell you about an element?
Elements in the same group have a similarity in:
- the chemical behavior of the electron in their outermost shell
- the chemical properties of the elements themselves
State the name given to/ the characteristics of Group 0 elements
“The Noble Gases”
- Full outer shell of electrons
- Unreactive/ inert
- Do not form molecules- exist as single atoms
- Colorless gases
- Low boiling points
- Atomic mass increases down the group- density increases - as you go down, BP’s increase
State the name given to/ the characteristics of Group 1 elements
“The Alkali Metals”
- Very Reactive
- Reactivity increases as you go down the group
State the observations of Li reacting with water
- Reacts quite slowly with cold water
- It floats in water but does not melt and gradually dissolves to produce an alkaline hydroxide
- Hydrogen gas is given off and burns with a crimson red flame when ignited
State the observations of Na reacting with water
- Reacts more strongly in cold water than Li
- Moves around the surface, melts and quickly dissolves to produce an alkaline solution of sodium hydroxide
- Hydrogen gas is given off and burns with a yellow-orange flame when ignited
State the observations of K reacting with water
- Reacts vigorously with water
- Moves rapidly on the surface and very quickly dissolves to produce an alkaline solution of potassium hydroxide
- Hydrogen gas is given off and self-ignites to burn with a lilac flame
