The Periodic Table Flashcards
What is periodic table
The periodic table is an arrangement of elements in order of increasing atomic number.
The word periodic is used as the p…………. of elements r………..
Properties , elements
How many groups are there in a periodic table
8
All elements in each group have ………………………………….
Similar chemical properties
Group I
Alkali metals
All elements in each group have the s…………………. Of electrons in their o………………….
Same number , outer shells / orbit
Group II
Alkaline earth metals
What are the elements in the middle are called
Transition metals
Group VII
Halogens
Group VIII or 0
Noble gases
How many periods are there in a periodic table
7
The first period only has ………………….and ……………
Hydrogen and helium
The second period table contains ……………….to ………..
Lithium to neon
How are the periods labelled
n=1,n=2 etc
The number of a p……….is the same as the number of s………
Period, shells
What is mass number
Number of protons + number of neutrons
To find neutrons formula
Mass no. - atomic no. = neutrons
What is atomic number
Number of protons plus electrons in the nucleus of an atom
Who is Robert Boyle ( Irish )
Irish chemist who defined the elements
Robert Boyle is also known as
The father of chemistry
What is element
A substance that cannot be split into simpler substances by chemical means
What is dobereiners traids
A group of three elements that have similar chemical properties in which the middle element is the average atomic weight of the other two.
How did newlands arranged the elements
He arranged the elements in increasing atomic weight
Newland
Elements with similar ……………..placed underneath ………….other.
Properties , each
What is newlands octaves
Arrangements of elements in which the first and eight element have similar properties
Who is Dmitri Mendeleev
Russian chemist who arranged the elements by atomic weight
What did Mendeleev do
He left gaps for undiscovered elements
What is Mendeleev periodic law
Elements are arranged in order of increasing atomic weight , properties of elements recur periodically
Who is Henry Moseley
Using x rays he discovered the number of protons in atoms
The number of protons=
Atomic number
Henry showed that elects should be arranged by a………………………, not atomic w………
Atomic number, weight
What is modern periodic law
Elements are arranged in order of increasing atomic number, properties of elements recur periodically
What is the difference between modern and Mendeleev’s periodic table
MENDELEEV - elements are arranged by atomic weight , not all elements discovered ,,,gaps left , transition Elements not in a separate block.
MODERN - elements are arranged by atomic number , no gaps left , transition elements in a separate block.
What are isotopes
Are atoms of the same element that have different mass number due to the different number of neutrons in the nucleus
What are hydrogen isotopes
The element hydrogen for example has three commonly known isotopes : protium, deuterium, tritium
Protium contains
1 proton
Deuterium contains
1 proton and 1 neutron
Tritium contains
1 proton and 2 neutrons
What is relative atomic mass
The relative atomic mass of an element is the mass of one of the element’s atoms relative to the mass of an atom of carbon-12.
What are the steps of mass spectrometry
Vaporisation, ionisation, acceleration, separation, detection
To remember the steps of mass spectrometry tip!!!!!
VERA IS A SERIOUS DANCER
What is principle of mass spectrometry
Charged particles moving in a magnetic field are deflected to different extents according to their masses and are separated due to their masses.
Mass spectrometry uses
Identify isotopes and their relative abundance, identify unknown compounds- drug testing , to measure the relative molecular masses
