Acids And Bases Flashcards
What is an acid based on Arrhenius theory
An acid is substance that dissociates in water to form H+ ions.
What is a base based on Arrhenius theory
A bases is a substance which dissociates in water to form OH- ions.
What are the limitations of Arrhenius definitions.
- Acid - base reactions are considered in aqueous solution only.
- The OH- ions is singled out as a source of the basicity and therefore certain insoluble oxides cannot be classified as Arrhenius bases. Eg. CuO
What is hydrochloric acid ( HCl)
It is monobasic acid donates 1 H+ ion
What is nitric acid ( HNO3)
it is a monobasic acid donates 1 H+ ions
What is sulphuric acid (H2SO4)
It is a dibasic acid donates 2 H+ ions
What is phosphoric acid (H3PO4)
It is a tribasic acid donates 3 H+ ions.
What is a strong acid
A strong acid is one that dissociates fully in aqueous solution.
Examples of strong acid
H2SO4 ( SULPHURIC ACID ), HCl
What is a weak acid
A weak acid is one that doesn’t dissociates fully in aqueous solution.
Examples of weak acid
Ethanoic acid ( vinegar ) and methanoic acid ( wasp strings )
What is an acid based on bronsted Lowry
An acid is a proton donor
What is a base according to bronsted Lowry
A base is a proton acceptor
What is amphoteric
A substance that can act as an acid or a base is said to be amphoteric. Eg. H2O
What is a conjugate acid
An acid changes into a conjugate base when it donates a proton
What is a conjugate base
A base change into a conjugate acid when it accepts a proton
What is a conjugate acid base pair
Is a pair consisting of an acid and a base which differs by one proton
