The Periodic Table Flashcards
What does the term element mean?
A simple substance that cannot be broken down into smaller parts or changed into another substance.
Classify elements into metals and non-metaks based on their properties?
Metals:
good conductor of electricity good conductor of heat
shiny
high density (heavy for its size)
malleable (you can hammer it into different shapes)
ductile (you can pull it into wires)
sonorous (makes a ringing sound when hit)
Non-metals:
poor conductor of electricity poor conductor of heat
dull
low density (light for its size)
brittle (breaks easily)
not sonorous
Where are metals and non-metals found on the periodic table?
In the Periodic Table, metals are on the left of the stepped line. Non-metals are on the right.
What is the difference between chemical and physical properties?
Chemical properties describe chemical reactions.
Physical properties are characteristics of a substance that can be observed or measured.
How can you predict an elements properties?
You can see the pattern in its group by looking at the properties such as melting point, boiling point, and density adn finding a pattern.
In the periodic table what are the horizontal rows and vertical columns called?
Horizontal rows: periods
Vertical columns: groups
What is the other name of group 1?
Alkali metals
What is the other name of group 7?
The Halogens
What is the other name of group 2?
Alkaline earth metals
What is the other name of group 0?
Noble gases
What are the chemical symbols for the first 20 elements?
Hydrogen: H
Helium: He
Lithium: Li
Beryllium: Be
Boron: B
Carbon: C
Nitrogen: N
Oxygen: O
Flourine: F
Neon: Ne
Sodium: Na
Magnesium: Mg
Aluminium: Al
Silicon: Si
Phosphorus: P
Sulfur: S
Chlorine: Cl
Argon: Ar
Potassium: K
Calcium: Ca
What is the pattern in the properties of group 1?
The melting points get higher from top to bottom
The boiling point decreases from top to bottom
They all produce hydrogen and a metal hydroxide. The reactions get more vigorous going down the group.
What is the pattern in the properties of group 7?
Melting point increases from top to bottom
Boiling point increase from top to bottom
State at room temperature goes from gas to solid from top to bottom
The reactions get less vigorous going down the group
What is the pattern in the properties of group 0?
There boiling points increase going from top to bottom
From top to bottom of the group they get slightly more reactive
Compare trends from group 7 and 1?
Group sevens boiling points increase going from top to bottom however group 1 boiling points decreae going from top to bottom. In group 7 the reactions get less vigorous going down the group however group 1 gets more reactive going down the group. In both the melting points increase from top to bottom.
Compare the trends of group 0 and 7?
In group 0 the reactions get a bit more vigorous going down the group but in group 7 the reactions get less vigorous going down the group. In both the boiling points increase from top to bottom.
Cimpare the trends of group 0 and 1?
In group 0 the boiling points increase going from top to bottom but in group 1 the boiling points decrease going from top to bottom. In both groups the reactions get more from top to bottom.
Give examples of a displacement reaction?
chlorine + potassium bromide -› potassium chloride + bromine
bromine + potassium iodide -> potassium bromide + iodine
What are displacement reactions?
A more reactive substance will end up replacing the less reactive substance in its compound when it reacts.
Will these elements react, if so what will they create?
aluminium + zinc oxide
Yes
Aluminium oxide + zinc
Will these elements react, if so what will they create? Use the reactivity sheet to help you
sodium chloride + aluminium
No
Will these elements react, if so what will they create? Use the reactivity sheet to help you
zinc sulphate + copper
No
Will these elements react, if so what will they create? Use the reactivity sheet to help you
magnesium + silver nitrate
Yes
Magnesium nitrate + silver
Which metals can be extracted from their ores by heating with carbon?
Zinc, iron, lead, copper, silver and gold
