The People and The Field

Question 1

Lifespan Development?

Answer 1

The study human development throughout life such as conception, infancy, childhood, adolescence etc

Question 2

Gerontology

Answer 2

the study of old age

Question 3

Developmentalists explore…

Answer 3

• Predictable Milestones (crawling, potty training)
• Individual Differences (Nature vs. Nurture, Temperament, Talent)
• Normative vs. Non-normative transitions

Question 4

Context of Development

Answer 4

• Cohert: Birth group. Ex baby boomer, millennial, gen Z
• Socioeconomic Status (SES)
• Culture
• Gender

Question 5

John Locke

Answer 5

humans born a “tabula raza” (blank slate)

Question 6

Jean Jacques Rousseau

Answer 6

Infants are innocent, they should be lovingly nurtured

Question 7

Late 19th Century

Answer 7

kinder, gentler view of children

Question 8

20th century

Answer 8

• Adolescence identified by G. Stanley Hall; High School was made mandatory
• Emerging Adulthood (18- late 20s)
• Young-old (60-70’s)
• Old-old (80’s and above)

Question 9

Nature vs. Nurture

Answer 9

Shaped by biological or environmental forces

Question 10

Behaviorism

Answer 10

• John Watson & B.F. Skinner
• Conditioning = Learning

Question 11

Operant Conditioning

Answer 11

We behave a certain way because we are reinforced (rewarded) for certain behaviors.

Question 12

Cognitive Behaviorism

Answer 12

• Albert Bandura
• Cognition and Modeling (learning by imitating others)

Question 13

Self Efficacy

Answer 13

Our belief in our competence

Question 14

Attachment Theory

Answer 14

• John Bowlby
• Attachment response is genetically programmed into our species to promote survival.

Question 15

Evolutionary Psychology

Answer 15

• focus on biological predispositions
• species-specific behaviors influence human development.

Question 16

Behavioral Genetics

Answer 16

determines the role that hereditary forces play in individual differences in behavior

Question 17

Epigenetics

Answer 17

Nature interacts with Nurture when studying human development!

Question 18

Psychoanalytic Theory

Answer 18

• Freud
• Analyzes our psyche
• Id
• Ego
• Superego

Question 19

Freud’s Age Linked Stages

Answer 19

• Oral
• Anal
• Phallic
• Latency

Question 20

Psychosocial Development

Answer 20

• Erik Erikson
• “father of lifespan development”
• we develop throughout our life

Question 21

Erikson’s Stages

Answer 21

• Basic Trust vs Mistrust
• Autonomy vs Shame & Doubt
• Initiative vs Guilt
• Industry vs Inferiority
• Identity vs role confusion
• Intimacy vs isolation
• Generatively vs Stagnation
• integrity vs Despair

Question 22

Cognitive-Development

Answer 22

• Piaget
• believe we develop through schema, assimilation and accommodation

Question 23

Piaget’s Stages

Answer 23

• Sensorimotor (using senses to learn)
• Preparations (what they see is real)
• Concrete Operations (basic math)
• Formal Operations (logical reasoning)

Question 24

Research Methods

Answer 24

• Correlational Study (finding relationship between variables)
• Experiments (Experimental group vs Control group)

Question 25

Correlational Research

Answer 25

• Naturalistic Observation
• Self Reports
• Ability Tests
• Observer Reports

Question 26

Cross-sectional Studies

Answer 26

compare and contrast different age groups at the same time

Question 27

Longitudinal Studies

Answer 27

study individuals over long periods of time

Question 28

Quantitative Research

Answer 28

using statistics to make general predictions about behavior

Question 29

Qualitative Research

Answer 29

not interested in numerical comparison