The PEOP model Flashcards
Define roles
Behaviours that are adopted to compete occupations which aligns with the customs and expectations that is associated with a position in a group or in society.
Define tasks
A group of activities that when completed produces an outcome to achieve what the individual conceives
Define activities
The units of tasks which involve partaking in a set of actions to complete an action
How is participation defined?
Active engagement and involvement in occupations that contribute to health and wellbeing
Define wellbeing
satisfaction and quality of life
What is the narrative?
Important background information from the client that describes the perception of the situation and is used to establish goals
What does the personal narrative include?
perception and meaning, choices and responsibilities, attitudes and motivation and needs and goals
What does the organization narrative include?
mission and history, focus and priorities, stakeholders and values and needs and goals
What does the population narrative include?
environments and behaviours, demographics and disparities, incidence and prevalence, needs and goals
Define occupational performance
the doing of meaningful activities, tasks and roles through complex interactions between the person and environment. It supports participation and wellbeing
What are the aspects of the person factors?
Psychological, cognitive, physiological, sensory, motor and spiritual
What are the components of the psychological person factor?
motivation, self-concept, self-esteem, identity, self-efficacy, metacognition/self-awareness, emotional state and coping
Define motivation in the context of the psychological person factor
a continuum that guides engagement in occupations and ultimately seeks achievement with new challenges
Define self-concept and self-esteem in the context of the psychological person factor
composite of beliefs and feelings about oneself, the evaluative component as a negative or positive
Define identity in the context of the psychological person factor
a composite definition of the self and includes an interpersonal aspect, an aspect of possibility or potential and a values aspect (importance and basis of decisions). Includes both self-esteem and self-concept and also the environment in which we are embedded in
Define self-efficacy in the context of the psychological person factor
primary driver impacting motivation based on belief in one’s capacity
Define metacognition/self-awareness in the context of the psychological person factor
awareness of ones own thought processes
What are the three components of emotional state as in the psychological person factor
affect, mood and emotional regulation
Define affect
display of a subjectively experienced feeling state (or the absence of such)
Define mood
a pervasive and sustained emotion
Define emotional regulation
actions or behaviours one can use to identify, manage and express feelings while engaging in activities or interacting with others including those that can be done before or after an activity occurs
Define coping in the context of the psychological person factor
a process that includes adjustment to stressful demands and opportunities
What are the physiological components of the person
physical fitness, nutrition, sleep, stress, pain and skin integrity
What are the components of physical fitness as per the physiological person factors
muscle strength, muscle endurance, flexibility, body composition and cardio respiratory function
Define muscle strength
amount of force that can be exerted by one or a group of muscles in one voluntary maximum contraction. Important in balance, posture and overall function
Define muscle endurance
ability to repeat muscle contractions or maintain a single contraction as needed for a prolonged period of time i.e. posture, cardiac
Define flexibility
range of motion at a joint or at a sequence of joints influenced by soft tissue around the joints, condition of the joints and fat or excess muscle around the joints
Define body composition
fat and non-fat elements of the body; too little and too much fat may interfere with optimal body function
Define cardiorespiratory function
ability to take in, transport and use oxygen
Define nutrition
the balance of calories with physical activity to manage weight, consume more of certain foods and nutrients i.e. fruits, vegetables, whole grains etc. and consume fewer sodium, fat, trans fat, cholesterol and sugar rich foods
Define sleep
rest of the body and mind during which volition and consciousness are in partial or complete abeyance and body functions are partially suspended
Define stress
the interaction of mind and body is transactional and thus stress may greatly effect one’s physiological wellbeing
Define skin integrity
the absence of damage or dysfunction of the skin i.e. no abrasions, wounds, punctures, bites, ulcers, pressure wounds
What is cognition in terms of the PEOP?
Mental processes used to acquire, process and use information to direct and adapt our actions towards desired goals
What are the components of cognition?
memory, learning, attention, social awareness (theory of mind), communication and social skills, executive functioning and awareness/insight.
What is metamemory?
person’s awareness of their memory abilities, related beliefs and strategy knowledge and use
What is attention?
the process of selecting some information for further processing and inhibiting irrelevant or distracting information from being processed
What is social awareness/theory of mind?
interpretation of verbal and non-verbal cues in social context in order to understand other people’s emotions or intentions.
What are communication and social skills?
actions or behaviours a person uses to communicate and interact with others in an interactive environment. Skills used for sending, receiving and interpreting information in a social context
What is executive function and what does it involve?
goal orientated, non-automatic behaviour of daily life.
Goal selection, planning steps to achieve goal, initiation of behaviour towards implementing a plan, inhibition of behaviour that would interfere with goal achievement, monitoring and evaluating performance and strategic problem solving in the face of obstacles.
What is awareness/insight?
a metacognitive process integrating both thoughts and feelings pertaining to the self, the task or to strategies
What are the components of sensory person factors?
somatosensory, vestibular, olfactory, gustatory, visual and auditory
What is somatosensory?
touch, pressure, vibration, temperature, pain. Interpretation of sensory signals received from our body
What are the two components of somatosensory?
proprioception (awareness of our position and body within our environment) and tactile (touch)
What is vestibular?
provides information about movement and sense of balance – inner ear and cochlea are involved. Sends signals to control eye movements and projections to muscles to keep us upright
What is 1) olfactory, 2) gustatory, 3) visual, 4) auditory?
1) olfactory – sense of smell
2) gustatory – sense of taste
3) visual – provides info about surrounding environment through receiving and interpreting visual stimuli
4) auditory – processing of acoustic energy and interpretation of this allows us to hear
What are the components of the motor factor of the person?
reflexes, tone, spasticity and rigidity, strength, motor control, motor planning/praxis, postural control/balance, coordination
What are reflexes?
an involuntary stereotyped response to a particular stimulus
What is tone, spasticity and rigidity?
muscle tone is resistance to passive stretch. Spasticity is a velocity-dependent increase in tonic stretch reflexes accompanied with exaggerated tendon jerks. Rigidity is a resistance to passive stretch independent of the velocity or direction of the stretch.
What is strength?
the force generated by a single maximal isometric contraction
What is motor control?
ability to dissociate movement at one joint from another and to generate a variety of movement at another and to generate a variety of movement patterns in response to task demands
What is motor planning/praxis?
sequencing and planning movements
What is postural control/balance?
ability to maintain one’s position in space, stabilise in anticipation of voluntary movement and respond to external perturbations
What is coordination?
motor activation, sequencing, scaling and/or timing
What are the aspects of spirituality?
Meaning – individual’s disposition to find importance, security, worthiness and purpose; Competence, relatedness and autonomy; World view and ideologies; values
What are the environmental factors?
social determinants, social support and capital, cultural, policy, physical, tools and assistive technologies
What does the cultural environment include?
values, beliefs, customs, rituals and time use
What are social determinants?
stigmas, attitudes and social characteristics
What is social support and capital?
social, practical or instrumental support. Relationships, networks and group affiliations
What is included in the natural environment?
geography, terrain, climate, air quality etc.
What is included in the built environment?
accessibility and usability
