The Pediatric Client Flashcards
0 to 12 months old
Infants
1 to 3 years old
Toddlers
3 to 6 years old
Preschoolers
6 to 12 years old
Schoolagers
12 to 18 years old
Adolescents
• Provide a pacifier
• Encourage parent or caregiver to ask questions during P.E.
• Speak softly
• Child may need to be placed on restraints
Infants
• Allow toddler to sit on parent’s lap
• Enlist parent’s aid
• Use play
• Focus on a favorite toy or unique characteristic about the child
• Praise cooperation
Toddlers
• Use story telling
• Use doll & puppet play
• Give choices when able
• Allow child to manipulate
equip
Preschoolers
• Maintain privacy
• Use gown
• Explain procedures & equipment
• Teach about their bodies
Schoolagers
• Ensure privacy and confidentiality
• Provide option of having parent present or not
• Emphasize normality
• Provide health teaching
Adolescents
PHYSICAL ASSESSMENT
1. General Measurements
2. Physiologic Measurements
3. Head-to-Toe Assessment
4. Current Development Assessment
What tool used to measure tha height of the infant?
measuring board
Measuring the height for < 2 years old
Positioning:
- fully extend the body, holding head midline, & pushing knees downward to extend legs
Technique:
- Measure from vertex of head to heel of foot
Measuring the height for > 2 years
Technique:
- remove shoes
- stand straight w/ head midline & vision parallel bet. ceiling & floor
- back, buttocks, & back of heels against the wall
Birth Length increases
50% at 1 year
Measuring weight for smaller infant
• weigh naked, lying on a scale
Measuring Weight for older child
• barefoot; in underpants or light gown
• standing on platform scale
N° Birth Weight infant
2.5 - 4 kg
Child’s N° Birth Weight______at age 4 to 6 months
doubles
Child’s N° Birth Weight_______at 1 year.
triples
Landmarks of measuring the head circumference for children < 2 years
landmarks:
- slightly above eyebrows
- pinna of ears
- skull: occipital prominence
- nipple line
Normal values of Head circumference
33-35 cm
Normal Value of Chest circumference
HC – 2 cm
Abdominal grith mesurement landmark
landmark:
- slightly above the umbilicus
Mid-arm circumference measurement landmark
landmark:
- midway between shoulder & elbow
Anterior frontanelle closes at ________
12 to 18 mos
Shape of anterior frontanelle
diamond-shaped
Fontanelles normally bulge when child is _______
crying.
Bulging fontanelles at rest is AbN°; noted in infants with____________
increased intracranial pressure (ICP)
Depressed fontanelles noted in __________
dehydration
Physiological measurement of temperature in infant:
Axillary route
Rectal route
Tympanic route
Oral route
lubricated thermometer inserted no more than 2 cm into rectum
Rectal route
may be used in children > 4 yrs of age
Oral route
