The Particulate Nature of Matter Flashcards
What are features of a solid? Think of shape, volume, structure and motion.
- Solids have a fixed shape and volume
- Particles are tightly packed
- Their particles are arranged in a fixed manner via chemical bonds
- And the particles vibrate in place.
What are features of a liquid? Think of shape, volume, structure and motion.
- Fixed volume
- No fixed shape
- Particles slide against each other (flow) and are held together by weak bonds
What are features of a gas? Think of shape, volume, structure and motion.
- No fixed volume nor shape
- No bonds hold the particles together
- Particles move randomly in all directions
What is the process that turns a liquid into a solid?
Freezing
What is the process that turns a liquid into a gas?
Boiling
What is the process that turns a gas into a liquid?
Condensation
What is the process that turns a gas into a solid?
Deposition
What is the process that turns a solid into a liquid?
Melting
What is the process that turns a solid into a gas?
Sublimation
Deposition, freezing and condensation are all examples of ________ processes.
exothermic
Melting, boiling and sublimation are all examples of ________ processes.
endothermic
What does temperature do to particles?
It increases their kinetic energy.
What is brownian motion? What causes it?
Brownian motion is the random movement of large particles in a suspension in liquid.
It is caused by the collisions between the large particles and the particles of the liquid.
What is diffusion?
Diffusion is the net movement of particles from an area in which they are highly concentrated to an area of low concentration.
What is the effect of molecular mass on rate of diffusion?
The higher the molecular mass, the slower the rate of diffusion since the heavier particles move slower.
