The Particle Model P1T3 Flashcards
What is the kinetic theory?
- Everything is made of particles
- These particles are free to move
What is the word equation for density?
Density = mass/volume
What is mass measured in?
Kg
What is volume measured in?
m*3
What is density measured in?
Kg/m*3
What is internal energy?
Internal energy is the total kinetic energy and potential energy of all particles that make up a system.
What happens to internal energy if temperature increases?
Internal energy increases
What happens to internal energy if pressure increases?
Internal energy increases
What happens to the mass of a substance if it changes state?
The mass is conserved
What happens to the temperature as a substance changes state?
The temperature remains constant as the energy is going into breaking bonds.
What happens when a substance changes state from liquid - gas compared to solid - liquid?
There is more energy required as the bonds are broken completely
What is specific heat capacity?
The energy required to increase the temperature of 1kg of a substance by 1°C
What does ‘specific’ mean, in physics terms?
Per kilogram
What is specific heat capacity measured in?
J/Kg°C
What is the word equation for specific heat capacity?
Energy = mass x specific heat capacity x temperature change
List the method for the specific heat capacity required practical.
- Place the immersion heater until the metal block
- Place the thermometer and place oil around it to make sure it is surrounded by hot material
- Fully insulate the block
- Record the temperature of the block
- Connect the heater to the power supply
- Turn it off after 10 minutes (the temperature will still be rising, but will eventually begin to cool)
- Record the highest temperature during the experiment
What is the independent variable for the specific heat capacity practical?
The temperature and power of the heater
What is the dependent variable for the specific heat capacity practical?
The highest temperature that the block reaches
Name three control variables for the specific heat capacity practical.
Heat loss, the type of insulator, the type of heater
Name a risk for the specific heat capacity required practical.
Burns - be careful around the heater and making sure it doesn’t reach unsafe levels
What is specific latent heat?
The energy required to change 1Kg of a substance into a new state.
What is specific latent heat of fusion?
The energy required to change 1Kg of a solid to a liquid.
What is specific latent heat of vaporisation?
The energy required to change 1Kg of a liquid into a gas.
What is Boyles Law?
Internal energy is the energy stored inside the system by the particles that make up the system. This is the total kinetic energy of the particles in the system
What is the equation for ‘Boyles law’?
p x V = constant
What does Boyles law only apply to?
When it is at a constant temperature
What is Brownian motion?
That gas particles move in constant random motion.
What is gas pressure caused by?
Gas particles colliding with the surface of the container
What is the word equation for pressure?
Pressure = force / surface area
What is velocity?
The velocity of an object is it’s speed in a specific direction
