The Particle Model

Question 1

Density =

Answer 1

Mass ÷ volume

Question 2

What is the symbol for density

Answer 2

p

Question 3

What is density

Answer 3

The amount of mass in a given volume

Question 4

Solid —-> gas state change is called

Answer 4

Sublimation

Question 5

Gas ——> solid state change is called

Answer 5

Deposition

Question 6

What do the flat sections on a heating curve represent

Answer 6

Energy is being used to change state (break the bonds) and not to raise temperature

Question 7

What do the slope sections on a heating curve represent

Answer 7

The particles are heating up and gaining KE

Question 8

What is the unit for specific heat capacity

Answer 8

J/kg/ °C

Question 9

What is specific heat capacity (definition)

Answer 9

The amount of thermal energy required to heat 1kg of a substance by 1 °C

Question 10

What is specific latent heat (definition)

Answer 10

The amount of energy needed to completely change the state of 1kg of a certain material

Question 11

What are the units for specific latent heat

Answer 11

J/kg

Question 12

Equation for specific latent heat

Answer 12

Q = m x L

Q: thermal energy for state change
m: mass
L: specific latent heat

Question 13

Equation for specific heat capacity

Answer 13

∆Q = m x c x ∆ θ

Q : energy transferred
m: mass kg
c: specific heat capacity
∆ θ: temp change

Question 14

What are the 2 types for specific latent heat

Answer 14

Vaporisation: liquid to gas / gas to liquid
Fusion: liquid to solid/ solid to liquid

Question 15

What is pressure

Answer 15

The force on a container caused by gas particles colliding with its walls

Question 16

Why does pressure increase when temp is increased

Answer 16

Particles have more energy so move faster - higher frequency and harder collisions with container walls

Question 17

How are temperature and energy related

Answer 17

Temperature is a measure of average kinetic energy of the particles

Question 18

What are the SI unit for pressure

Answer 18

N/m^2 or Pa

Question 19

What temp is absolute zero

Answer 19

-273 °C

Question 20

What is absolute zero

Answer 20

The temp where particles would have zero pressure of energy

Question 21

How do you convert from °C to K

Answer 21

+273

Question 22

How do you convert from K to °C

Answer 22

-273

Question 23

what is the equation that shows volume and pressure are inversely proportional

Answer 23

P1 x V1 = P2 x V2

Question 24

What are the 3 ways you can increase pressure

Answer 24

Increasing temperature
Decreasing volume
Increasing mass of gas

Question 25

Explain why WORK DONE on a gas can increase its temp (including a bicycle pump)

Answer 25

Since the volume of the gas has decreased, the pressure increases because the particles are moving in less space and collide more often.
Increased pressure leads to an increase in temperature because the temperature is a measure of the average kinetic energy of particles

Question 26

When will an object float

Answer 26

If its density is less of that of the fluid
and
When upthrust is equal to the weight of fluid displaced

Question 27

How does pressure increase with depth

Answer 27

Pressure will increase with depth because the further down you go in a liquid, the greater the weight of liquid there will be above you

Question 28

What is atmospheric pressure

Answer 28

Can be thought of as a very high column of air above out bodies- it will exert a pressure due to our weight, which acts normal to an area
Atmospheric pressure is about 100000 Pa