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Physics GCSE > Forces And Motion > Flashcards

Forces And Motion Flashcards

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1
Q

Define scalar

A

Scalar quantities only have a magnitude NO DIRECTION

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2
Q

Define vector

A

Vector quantities have BOTH a magnitude and direction

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3
Q

Give an example of a vector quantity

A

Velocity

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4
Q

Give an example of a a scalar quantity

A

Speed

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5
Q

What does the area under a velocity / time graph represent

A

The distance travelled by the object

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6
Q

What does a HORIZONTAL LINE show on a distance time graph

A

No movement

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7
Q

What does a HORIZONTAL LINE show on a velocity time graph

A

Constant speed

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8
Q

What is the equation for acceleration

A

Change in velocity ÷ time taken

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9
Q

How would you work out the FINAL SPEED of an object

A

Final speed = initial speed + (acceleration x time)

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10
Q

What is displacement

A

Displacement is the distance an object moves in a straight line from a starting point to a finishing point
Displacement is a vector quantity

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11
Q

What is distance

A

Distance is how far an object moves.
Distance is a scalar quantity.

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12
Q

What is the resultant force

A

The resultant force is the sum of all of the forces acting on an object.

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13
Q

State the resultant force equation

A

Resultant force (F) = mass (m) x acceleration (a)
(Newton’s 2nd Law)

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14
Q

What is Newton’s 1st law

A

Newton’s 1st Law says that the velocity of an object will only change if a resultant force is acting on the object

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15
Q

What does Newton’s 3rd law say

A

Whenever 2 objects interact, the forces that they exert on (apply to) each other are EQUAL AND OPPOSITE

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16
Q

What is the equation for change in momentum

A

Change in momentum = force x time

17
Q

What is the law of conservation of momentum

A

Momentum cannot be created or destroyed.
So, if two objects collide, the sum of momentum before collision = sum of momentum after collision.

18
Q

What is the formula for momentum

A

Mass x velocity

19
Q

How do safety features in a car reduce the force felt by a person in a crash

A

When a crash takes place, there is a certain change in momentum.
The force felt by the person is the change in momentum divided by the time taken.
Safety features of a car increase the time taken for the momentum to change.
Therefore reducing the force felt by the person in the crash.

20
Q

What is inertia

A

A measure of how difficult it is to change the object’s motion.

21
Q

What is the equation for weight

A

Weight = mass x gravitational field strength

22
Q

What is the average value for acceleration on Earth due to gravity?

A

10m/s^2

23
Q

What is the definition of weight

A

The force acting downwards on an object due to gravity

24
Q

For an object in circular motion, what is the name of the resultant force, acting towards the centre of the circle?

A

Centripetal force

25
Q

What is the equation for stopping distance

A

Stopping distance = thinking distance + braking distance.

26
Q

Name 3 factors that affect the breaking distance

A

Initial car speed
Road conditions
Condition of brakes

27
Q

Name 3 factors that affect the thinking distance

A

Tiredness
Distractions
Drugs or alcohol

28
Q

What could up you use to measure the speed of objects

A

Light gates
Stopwatch

29
Q

What is Newton’s 2nd law

A

Force = mass x acceleration

30
Q

Does an object in orbit have a changing speed or velocity

A

Constant speed
velocity is changing

31
Q

Momentum =

A

Mass x velocity

32
Q

Name 3 factors that affect the stopping distance

A

Mass of the vehicle
speed of the vehicle
drivers reaction time
state of the vehicles breaks
state of the road
amount of friction

33
Q

Why does a person exert a different pressure on the ground when standing rather than when lying

A

Area of contact between person and bed is smaller when standing up
Same weight over smaller area so the pressure is greater when standing up

Physics GCSE (17 decks)

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