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Review Book OB/GYN > The Ovaries and Fallopian Tubes Vocab/ Questions > Flashcards

The Ovaries and Fallopian Tubes Vocab/ Questions Flashcards

1
Q

___: the area located posterior to the broad ligaments and adjacent to the uterus, which contains the ovaries and fallopian tubes

A

adnexa

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2
Q

___: the longest most tortuous segment of the Fallopian tube

A

ampulla

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3
Q

___: peritoneal outpouching located between the bladder and the uterus; also referred to as the vesicouterine pouch

A

anterior cul de sac

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4
Q

___: excessive fluid in the peritoneal cavity

A

ascites

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5
Q

___: small benign ovarian tumors

A

brenner tumors

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6
Q

___: protein that may be increased in the blood of women with ovarian cancer and other abnormalities

A

CA 125

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7
Q

___: another name for endometriomas

A

chocolate cysts

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8
Q

___: hairlike projections within the Fallopian tube

A

cilia

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9
Q

___: the remaining structure of the corpus luteum after its

deterioration

A

corpus albicans

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10
Q

___: temporary endocrine gland that results from the rupture of the Graafian follicle after ovulation

A

corpus luteum

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11
Q

___: physiologic cyst that develops after ovulation has occurred

A

corpus luteal cyst

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12
Q

___: the corpus luteum that is maintained during an early pregnancy for the purpose of producing estrogen and primarily progesterone

A

corpus luteum of pregnancy

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13
Q

___: structure that contains the developing oocyte

A

cumulus oophorus

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14
Q

___: benign ovarian mass that is composed of the three germ cell layers; also referred to as a dermoid cyst

A

cystic teratoma

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15
Q

___: a small cyst within a large cyst

A

daughter cyst

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16
Q

___: another name for cystic teratoma

A

dermoid cyst

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17
Q

___: mass of hair within a cystic teratoma

A

dermoid mesh

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18
Q

___: part of a dermoid tumor that contains various tissues and may produce posterior shadowing during a sonographic examination

A

dermoid plug

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19
Q

___: painful sexual intercourse

A

dyspareunia

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20
Q

___: the outer germ cell layer of the embryo that develops into the
skin, hair, and nails, and other structures

A

ectoderm

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21
Q

___: the germ cell layer of the embryo that develops into the gastrointestinal and respiratory tracts

A

endoderm

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22
Q

___: a typically malignant ovarian tumor that is often associated with a history of endometrial cancer, endometriosis, and endometrial hyperplasia

A

endometroid tumor

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23
Q

___: benign, blood-containing tumor that forms from the implantation of ectopic endometrial tissue; tumor associated with endometriosis

A

endometrioma

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24
Q

___: functional ectopic endometrial tissue located outside the uterus

A

endometriosis

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25
Q

___: an ovarian sex cord-stromal tumor found in middle-aged women

A

fibroma

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26
Q

___: the fingerlike extension of the fallopian tube located on the
infundibulum

A

fimbria

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27
Q

___: hormone of the anterior pituitary gland that causes the development of multiple follicles on the ovaries

A

follicle stimulating hormone

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28
Q

___: ovarian cyst that forms as a result of the failure of the Graafian follicle to ovulate

A

follicular cysts

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29
Q

___: a type of neoplasm derived from germ cells of the gonads; may also be found outside the reproductive tract

A

germ cell tumor

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30
Q

___: a disease associated with an abnormal proliferation of the trophoblastic cells during pregnancy; may also be referred to as a molar pregnancy

A

gestational trophoblastic disease

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31
Q

___: the name for the dominant follicle prior to ovulation

A

Graafian follicle

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32
Q

___: blood within the Fallopian tube

A

hematosalpinx

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33
Q

___: a cyst that contains blood

A

hemorrhagic cyst

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34
Q

___: excessive hair growth in women in areas where hair growth is normally negligible

A

hirsutism

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35
Q

___: hormone produced by the trophoblastic cells of the early placenta; may also be used as a tumor marker in nongravid patients and males

A

human chorionic gonadotropin

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36
Q

___: the abnormal accumulation of fluid within the Fallopian tube

A

hydrosalpinx

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37
Q

___: excessive vomiting

A

hyperemis

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38
Q

___: a radiographic procedure that uses a dye instilled into the endometrial cavity and fallopian tubes to evaluate for internal abnormalities

A

hysterosalpingography

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39
Q

___: the distal segment of the fallopian tube

A

infundibulum

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40
Q

___: the segment of the fallopian tube that lies within the uterine
horn (cornu)

A

interstitial

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41
Q

___: tube: the segment of the fallopian tube that is located between the interstitial and ampulla; uterus: area of the uterus between the corpus and the cervix

A

isthmus

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42
Q

___: malignant ovarian tumor that metastasizes from most likely the gastrointestinal tract

A

krukenberg tumor

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43
Q

___: destruction or breaking down

A

lysis

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44
Q

___: developing into cancer

A

malignant degeneration

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45
Q

___: ascites and pleural effusion in the presence of a benign
ovarian tumor

A

meigs syndrome

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46
Q

___: abnormally heavy and prolonged menstruation

A

menorrhagia

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47
Q

___: the germ cell layer of the embryo that develops into the circulatory system, muscles, reproductive system, and other structure

A

mesoderm

48
Q

___: pelvic pain at the time of ovulation

A

mittleschmertz

49
Q

___: having more than one internal cavity

A

multiloculated

50
Q

___: the creation of an ovum

A

oogenesis

51
Q

___: the surgical removal of an ovarian cyst

A

ovarian cystectomy

52
Q

___: a syndrome resulting from hyperstimulation of the ovaries by fertility drugs; results in the development of multiple, enlarged follicular ovarian cysts

A

ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome

53
Q

___: an abnormality that results from the ovary twisting on its mesenteric connection, consequently cutting off the blood supply to the ovary

A

ovarian torsion

54
Q

___: the release of the mature egg from the ovary

A

ovulation

55
Q

___: a small projection of tissue

A

papillary projections

56
Q

___: leiomyoma (fibroid) that extends from the uterus on a stalk

A

pedunculate uterine leiomyoma

57
Q

___: infection of the female genital tract that may involve the ovaries, uterus, and/or the fallopian tubes

A

PID

58
Q

___: contractions that move in a wavelike pattern to propel a substance

A

peristalsis

59
Q

___: inflammation of peritoneal lining

A

peritonitis

60
Q

___: intraperitoneal extension of mucin-secreting cells that result from the rupture of a malignant mucinous ovarian tumor or possibly a malignant tumor of the appendix

A

pseudomyxoma peritonei

61
Q

___: secondary sexual development induced by sex steroids or from other sources like ovarian tumors, adrenal tumors, or steroid use

A

pseudo precocious puberty

62
Q

___: the presence of pus within the Fallopian tubes

A

pyosalpinx

63
Q

___: inflammation of the Fallopian tubes

A

salpingitis

64
Q

___: an oily substance secreted by the sebaceous glands

A

sebum

65
Q

___: a partition separating two or more cavities

A

septations

66
Q

___: malignant sex cord-stromal ovarian neoplasm that is associated with virilization

A

sertoli leading cell tumor

67
Q

___: tumor marker that is elevated in the presence of an ovarian dysgerminoma and other abdominal abnormalities

A

serum lactate dehydrogenase

68
Q

___: ovarian tumors that arise from the gonadal ridges

A

sex cord stroll tumors

69
Q

___: a sonographic procedure that uses saline instillation into the endometrial cavity and fallopian tubes to evaluate for internal abnormalities

A

sonohysterography

70
Q

___: functional ovarian cysts that are found in the presence of elevated levels of human chorionic gonadotropin; also referred to as a theca luteal cyst

A

theca lutein cysts

71
Q

___: benign ovarian sex cord stromal tumor that produces estrogen in older women

A

thecoma

72
Q

___: denotes the sonographic appearance of a cystic teratoma (dermoid) when only the anterior element of the mass is seen, while the greater part of the mass is obscured by shadowing

A

tip of iceberg sign

73
Q

___: inferior portion of the pelvis that contains the uterus, ovaries, fallopian tubes, urinary bladder, small bowel, sigmoid colon, and rectum

A

true pelvis

74
Q

___: having only one internal cavity

A

unilocular

75
Q

___: (female) changes within the female that are typically associated with males; caused by increased androgens and may lead to deepening of the voice and hirsutism

A

virilization

76
Q

___: an indicator of the torsed ovarian pedicle adjacent to the ovary, appearing as a round mass with concentric hypoechoic and hyperechoic rings that demonstrates a swirling color Doppler signature

A

whirlpool sign

77
Q

___: malignant germ cell tumor of the ovary

A

yolk sac tumor

78
Q

an endometrioma most likely appears as ___

A

mostly cystic mass with low level echoes

79
Q

with what ovarian tumor is meigs syndrome mostly associated

A

fibroma

80
Q

Sonographically, which of the following would most likely be confused for a pedunculated fibroid tumor because of its solid appearing structure?
a. Serous cystadenoma

A

fibroma

81
Q

During a pelvic sonogram, you visualize a small cyst located adjacent to the ovary. What is the most likely etiology of this cyst?

A

paraovarian cyst

82
Q

The most common benign ovarian tumor is the

A

cystic teratoma

83
Q

The ovarian mass that contains fat, sebum, and teeth is the

A

dermoid

84
Q

The ovarian cysts that are most often bilateral and are associated with markedly elevated levels of hCG are the

A

theca lectin cysts

85
Q

The cystic mass commonly noted with a pregnancy is the

A

corpus luteum cyst

86
Q

The sonographic appearance of an ovarian dermoid tumor in which only the anterior elements of the mass can be seen, while the greater part of the mass is obscured by shadowing is consistent with

A

tip of iceberg sign

87
Q

The dominant follicle prior to ovulation is termed the

A

Graafian follicle

88
Q

After the Graafian follicle ruptures, the remaining structure is termed the

A

corpus luteum

89
Q

Which of the following is the correct formula for calculating ovarian volume?

A

length x width x height x 0.5233

90
Q

Which of the following sonographic findings would not increase the likelihood of an ovarian malignancy?

A

anechoic components with acoustic enhancement

91
Q

Normal ovarian flow is said to be

A

high resistant during menstruation and low at ovulation

92
Q

What would be a predisposing condition that would increase the risk for suffering from ovarian torsion?

A

ovarian mass

93
Q

The malignant ovarian tumor with gastrointestinal origin is the

A

krukenberg tumor

94
Q

the malignant ovarian mass associated with pseudomyxoma peritonea is the ___

A

dysgerminoma

95
Q

all of the following adnexal masses appear monographically similar to a uterine leiomyoma except

A

paraovarian cyst

96
Q

which of the following is also referred to as a chocolate cyst

A

endometrioma

97
Q

The ovarian tumor associated with an elevated serum lactate dehydrogenase is the

A

dysgerminoma

98
Q

Which of the following is a tumor of ectopic endometrial tissue?

A

endometrioma

99
Q

What ovarian mass is associated with virilization?

A

sertoli leydig cell tumor

100
Q

A 24-year-old female patient presents to the emergency department with severe right lower quadrant pain, nausea, and vomiting. The sonographic examination reveals an enlarged ovary with no detectable Doppler signal. What is the most likely diagnosis?

A

ovarian torsion

101
Q

Which of the following is an estrogen-producing ovarian tumor

A

thecoma

102
Q

What ovarian tumor will most likely have a moth-eaten appearance on sonography?

A

krukenberg tumor

103
Q

A 55-year-old patient presents to the sonography department with a history of pelvic pressure, abdominal swelling, and abnormal uterine bleeding. A pelvic sonogram reveals a large, multiloculated cystic mass with papillary projections. What is the most likely diagnosis?

A

serous systadenocarcinoma

104
Q
  1. A patient with an ovarian mass presents with an elevated serum AFP. Which of the following would be the most likely?
A

yolk sac tumor

105
Q

The ovarian cyst associated with gestational trophoblastic disease is the ___

A

theca lutein cyst

106
Q

Pus within the fallopian tube is termed ___

A

pyosalpinx

107
Q

Which of the following is the most common malignancy of the ovary?

A

serous cystadenocarcinoma

108
Q

The short and narrow segment of the fallopian tube distal to the interstitial segment is the ___

A

isthmus

109
Q

The fingerlike extensions of the fallopian tube are called

A

fimbria

110
Q

The longest and most tortuous segment of the fallopian tube is the

A

interstitial

111
Q

Blood within the fallopian tube is termed ___

A

hematosalpinx

112
Q

Hairlike projections within the fallopian tube are called ___

A

cilia

113
Q

The inner layer of the wall of the fallopian tube is the ___

A

muscular layer

114
Q

The most distal part of the fallopian tube is the ___

A

infundibulum

115
Q

The segment of the fallopian tube where fertilization typically occurs is the ___

A

ampulla

116
Q

What substance does hysterosalpingography utilize for the visualization of the uterine cavity and fallopian tubes?

A

radiographic contrast

117
Q

Which of the following is associated with the “whirlpool sign”?

A

ovarian torsion

Review Book OB/GYN (3 decks)

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