The Oil Rig

Question 1

What are the 5 most important systems on the rig?

Answer 1

• Power system
• Hoisting system
• Rotating system
• Circulating system
• Blowout Prevention system

Question 2

What is a derrick?

Answer 2

A 4-sided structure of sufficient height and strength to allow lowering and raising equipment in and out of the well

Question 3

What is the drill floor?

Answer 3

Where joints of pipe, drilling bits and BHA are assembled

Question 4

What does the substructure do?

Answer 4

Provides support for the derrick and provides space for well control equipment

Question 5

What is the crown block?

Answer 5

Static assembly of sheaves located at the top of the derrick? Reeving the drill line around the crown block provides the mechanical advantage

Question 6

What is the travelling block and hook?

Answer 6

Similar to the crown block, but it is not fixed. The hook connects the travelling block to the swivel. Travelling block rises and falls in the derrick to raise and lower equipment

Question 7

What is the drawworks?

Answer 7

The hoisting mechanism the lift and lower objects in and out of the hole

Question 8

What is the drilling line?

Answer 8

A wire rope made up of a metal core used to raise and lower equipment during drilling and completion

Question 9

What is the deadline anchor?

Answer 9

The device to which the deadline is attached and consists of a base and a rotating drum that is attached to the rig floor or substructure

Question 10

What is the storage reel?

Answer 10

Where the drilling line is stored

Question 11

What are the main components of the kelly system?

Answer 11

• Rotary table and master bushing
• Kelly and kelly bushing
• Swivel
• Drill string and BHA

Question 12

What is the rotary table and master bushing?

Answer 12

Rotating section of the drill floor that transfers the rotational motion to the kelly through the master bushing. Master bushing also acts as seat for slips to hold drill string suspended in the hole

Question 13

What is the kelly and kelly bushing?

Answer 13

Square of hexagonal shaped pipe which is used to transfer the rotation movement from the rotary table to the drill string. Kelly passes through kelly bushings. Bushings have drive pins to locate into the master bushings of the rotary table

Question 14

What is the swivel?

Answer 14

A mechanical device that prevents the motion of the kelly being transferred to the drilling line. Fixed connection to the hoisting system

Question 15

What are the main components of a drill string?

Answer 15

• Drill pipe
• Drill collars
• Heavy wall drill pipe
• Drill bit
• Drilling accessories (stabilisers)

Question 16

What is a drill string?

Answer 16

Transmits energy required to break rock formation. Guides and controls the trajectory of the bit

Question 17

What is a drill pipe?

Answer 17

Seamless steel pipe with upsets at each end

Question 18

What are drill collars?

Answer 18

Put weight on the drill bit while keeping the drill pipe in tension

Question 19

What is a heavy wall drill pipe?

Answer 19

Ensures drill pipe is always kept in tension

Question 20

What are stabilisers?

Answer 20

Equipment which are placed above the drill bit and along the BHA

Question 21

What are drill bits?

Answer 21

Crushes the rock under the combined action of weight and rotary speed

Question 22

What is the mud tank?

Answer 22

Tank where the drilling mud is kept

Question 23

What are mud pumps?

Answer 23

Consists of a reciprocating piston inside a cylinder which will create pressure and volume.

Question 24

What is a stand pipe?

Answer 24

A rigid metal pipe that provides the high-pressure pathway for drilling mud to travel approximately one-third of the way up the derrick, where it connects to a flexible high-pressure hose.

Question 25

What is the rotary hose?

Answer 25

Large-diameter high-pressure flexible line used to connect the standpipe to the swivel.

Question 26

What is the gooseneck?

Answer 26

An inverted “U” shaped section of rigid piping normally used as a conduit for high-pressure drilling fluid.

Question 27

What is a shale shaker?

Answer 27

A vibrating sieve used to remove drilling solids from the mud

Question 28

What is a degasser?

Answer 28

A device that removes air of gases from drilling fluids

Question 29

What is a desander?

Answer 29

A hydrocyclone device that removes large drill solids from the mud system

Question 30

What is a desilter?

Answer 30

A hydroclone much like a desander except that has a greater number of smaller cones. Its purpose is to remove unwanted smaller solids from the mud system.

Question 31

What is a Blow Out?

Answer 31

“uncontrolled influx of formation fluid which has sufficient pressure to cause damage to rig equipment and injury to rig personnel”

Question 32

What is a Blow Out Preventer?

Answer 32

Large valve placed at the top of the well which may be closed if the well starts kicking or blowing out

Question 33

What is an annular BOP?

Answer 33

Designed to shut around any size or shaped equipment that runs through the hole. Made of synthetic rubber with steel ribs in a doughnut shape

Question 34

What are 3 types of ram type preventers?

Answer 34

• Pipe Ram BOP
• Blind Ram BOP
• Shear Ram BOP

Question 35

What is a BOP stack?

Answer 35

A combination of blowout preventers connected on the top of the well

Question 36

What is a choke line?

Answer 36

Tubing used to remove the influx of formation from the well?

Question 37

What is a kill line?

Answer 37

Tubing used to pump the mud inside the well to stop the kick or blow out