The Norton Anthology of Literary Theory and Criticism

Question 1

The Mirror and the Lamp: Romantic Theory and the Critical Tradition (I953) is written by?

Answer 1

M H Abrams

Question 2

Who was of the view that History is built on accidental details, but poetry rises above the description of particulars to represent universal truth about nature

Answer 2

Aristotle

Question 3

“pleasure with usefulness”

Answer 3

Horace

Question 4

According to medieval theorists, there are four levels of allegorical interpretation of the Bible. They are?

Answer 4

the literal, or historical;
the allegorical, or spiritual;
the tropological, or moral;
the anagogical, or mystical.

Question 5

What does gloss (derived from exegesis) mean?

Answer 5

Gloss (Are elucidations of individual words or phrases, written in the margins or between the lines of a text)

Question 6

what does commentary (derived from exegesis) stand for?

Answer 6

Commentary (Commentaries are much more extensive textual expositions, appearing at first as local and marginal remarks (like footnotes) but later produced as freestanding continuous texts)

Question 7

who believed that Human language is divinely ordained reflection of logos, what is logos?

Answer 7

Augustine, logos means word of god

Question 8

name the defenders of ancient authors during the renaissance. (patriots of Greek and Latin)

Answer 8

Julius Caesar Scaliger, Alexander Pope, John Dryden, Pierre Corneille, Ludovico Castelvetro

Question 9

Name the modernists of the renaissance (vernacular defenders)

Answer 9

Philip Sydney, George Puttenham, Giraldi, Mazzoni, Joachim Du Bellay, Pierre De Ronsard

Question 10

According to Marx, human history can be dived into how many successive means of production?

Answer 10

Human history can be divided into seven successive modes of production:
			Tribal hordes
			Neolithic kinship societies
			Oriental despotism
			ancient slaveholding societies
			Feudalism
			Capitalism
			Communism

Question 11

Lumpenproletariat means?

Answer 11

Lumpenproletariat: the non-working, unemployed

Question 12

According to Marxist theory, what constitutes the base and superstructure of a society?

Answer 12

socioeconomic elements of society constitute its base (or foundation)
cultural spheres (specifically its politics, law, religion, philosophy; and arts) compose its superstructure.

Question 13

what is false consciousness?

Answer 13

Members of the working class who ascribe to bourgeois ideas and values exhibit false consciousness

Question 14

Louis Althusser coined the term “Ideological State Apparatuses” (ISAs), what does it mean?

Answer 14

Non-violent stabilizing and consensus-building institutions such as a church, school, family, the media, the mainstream arts, trade unions, business interests.

Question 15

Heteroglossia is a term by whom and what does it mean?

Answer 15

Bakhtin, it is the stratification of language into dialects, different dialects; generational slangs, professional argots, speech genres’, group codes, literary genres, and class mannerisms

Question 16

Name an example of work where heteroglossia is used?

Answer 16

Ulysses by James Joyce

Question 17

Anti Oedipus is a book by?

Answer 17

Gilles Deleuze and Felix Guattari

Question 18

L’ecriture feminine - is a term coined by?

Answer 18

By Hélène Cixous in The Laugh of the Medusa (1976), meaning literally “femininewriting.”

Question 19

The anxiety of influence is a work by?

Answer 19

Harold Bloom

Question 20

The word ‘misprision’ means?

Answer 20

mistaken, misrepresented, misread

Question 21

“purposiveness without purpose” is associated with

Answer 21

Immanuel Kant

Question 22

“The Heresy of Paraphrase” is the title of a chapter in which seminal work?

Answer 22

The Well-Wrought Urn, a seminal work of the New Criticism by Cleanth Brooks

Question 23

Who is associated with the Notion of significance

Answer 23

E D Hirsch Jr

Question 24

According to E D Hirsch, what is the difference between meaning and significance

Answer 24

meaning: construed as a fixed, self-identical, reproducible object derived from the author’s intention
Significance: which builds on meaning, adds the reader’s personal associations, interests, values, and contexts

Question 25

The Resisting Reader: A Feminist Approach to American Fiction (1978) was written by?

Answer 25

Judith Fetterley

Question 26

The anxiety of authorship is a theory by?

Answer 26

Sandra M. Gilbert and Susan Gubar

Question 27

The deconstruction theory involves two concepts according to Derrida. What are they?

Answer 27

Inversion and Re-inscription

Question 28

The anxiety of influence is a theory by?

Answer 28

Harold Bloom

Question 29

Frederick Jameson’s three horizons of meaning are?

Answer 29

Social stratification
class struggle
mode of production

Question 30

Which school of New critics focussed on “literariness”?

Answer 30

Russian Formalism

Question 31

“Minute on Indian Education” was written by?

Answer 31

Thomas Babington Macaulay

Question 32

“On the Abolition of the English Department” was written by?

Answer 32

Ngugi wii Thiong’o, Henry Owuor Anyumba, and Taban lo Liyong

Question 33

“English in America” is a work by?

Answer 33

Richard Ohmann

Question 34

New Historicism is a term coined by?

Answer 34

in early 1980s by Stephen Greenblatt

Question 35

Encompium of Helen, Defense of Palamedes and Epitaphios were rhetorical works by?

Answer 35

Gorgias of Leontini

Question 36

Who said speech “summons whoever wishes [to compete], but crown the one who ‘is able.”

Answer 36

Gorgias of Leontini

Question 37

” For a city, the finest adornment (kosmos) is a good citizenry, for a body beauty, for soul wisdom, for an action arete(virtue), and for a speech truth; and
the opposites of these are indecorous” whose words are these?

Answer 37

Gorgias of Leontini

Question 38

Who is known to have written a speech to displace off the ill repute of Helen of Troy?

Answer 38

Gorgias of Leontini

Question 39

What technique is known to lead a learner through stages of reasoning and to expose the contradictions in an opponent’s original statement

Answer 39

Elenchus

Question 40

Apology of Socrates, Crito, Gorgias, Ion, Symposium, Cratylus, Republic are all works by?

Answer 40

Plato

Question 41

The myth of Er, the theory of forms could be found in which work?

Answer 41

Republic by Plato

Question 42

A History of Western Philosophy[a] is a 1945 book by the philosopher?

Answer 42

Bertrand Russell

Question 43

five types of regimes according to Plato are

Answer 43

Aristocracy, Timocracy, Oligarchy, Democracy, and Tyranny