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GCSE History - USA > The New Deal > Flashcards

The New Deal Flashcards

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1
Q

What were the three Rs the New Deal was based upon?

A

Relief, recovery and reform

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2
Q

What was relief?

A

Helping to remove poverty

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3
Q

What was recovery?

A

Boosting the economy so people could get jobs

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4
Q

What was reform?

A

Ensuring another economic depression would not happen again

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5
Q

Over how many banks closed since what date?

A

Over 5000 since 1930

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6
Q

What were the changes Roosevelt introduced in the first 100 days?

A

Emergency Banking Act, Economy Act, Beer Act and using the radio to explain his ideas

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7
Q

What was the Emergency Banking act?

A

Banks were closed for a four day bank holiday and only honest, well - run banks could reopen so people could trust them again

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8
Q

How did the Emergency Banking Act help America recover?

A

Well run banks could lend money to well run businesses creating jobs

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9
Q

What was the Economy Act?

A

Where the pay of anyone working in the government, army, navy or airforce was cut by 15%

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10
Q

How did the Economy Act help America?

A

Saved almost a billion dollars which helped the unemployed

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11
Q

What was the Beer Act?

A

Made alcohol legal to sell reducing murders, gangsters and corrupt cops

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12
Q

How did the Beer Act help America?

A

Government could raise money by taking alcohol sold

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13
Q

What did Roosevelt use the radio for?

A

Talk about himself personally to help people trust and relate to him convincing everyone Roosevelt could make a change to America

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14
Q

What were the alphabet agencies?

A

Agencies created as part of the New Deal to combat the Great Depression

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15
Q

What does HOLC stand for and which of the 3Rs was it?

A

Home Owners Loan Corporation, relief as it helped remove poverty

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16
Q

Who did HOLC aim to help?

A

Those who couldn’t keep up with their mortgage payments

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17
Q

What did HOLC do and how many did it help?

A

Loaned money at low rated of interest. Helped 300,000 homeowners in the first year

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18
Q

What was NRA and which of the 3Rs was it based upon?

A

National recovery administration, reform as it ensured welfare provisions were in place

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19
Q

What group did the NRA aim to help?

A

Employed people

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20
Q

What did the NRA do?

A

Encouraged workers to make a code of fair conditions which guaranteed a decent wage and set a limit of hours of work per week

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21
Q

What was the PWA and which of the 3Rs was it based upon?

A

Public Works Administration, based on recovery to boost the economy so people can get jobs

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22
Q

Who was the PWA for?

A

Unemployed and the general population

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23
Q

How much funds did the PWA give?

A

$3.3 billion to buy materials, employ skilled workers and build facilities for the general population

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24
Q

How many ships and airports did the PWA build?

A

10 ships and 50 airports

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25
Q

Who did the social security act aim to help and which of the 3Rs was it?

A

Elderly and widows, relief

26
Q

What did the social security act do?

A

Allowed the government to provide help for the sick and disabled as workers made a small contribution a week so the unemployed sick and disabled could receive a small amount of benefit

27
Q

Who did the Wagner act aim to help and which of the 3Rs was it?

A

Aimed to help the employed, reform

28
Q

What did the Wagner act do?

A

Forced employers to allow trade unions in their companies and let them negotiate for better work conditions and made it illegal to fire workers for being in a union

29
Q

Who did the works progress administration aim to help and which of the 3Rs was it?

A

Unemployed by creating jobs, recovery

30
Q

What did the works progress administration do?

A

Provided jobs for even office workers and the government paid artists to paint pictures to display in towns and cities to create jobs

31
Q

Who did the Resettlement administration aim to help and which of the 3Rs was it?

A

Small holders and tenant families, relief

32
Q

What did the Resettlement administration do?

A

Moved over 500,000 families to better quality housing and land, gave special loans to small farmers in 1937 and built camps for migrant workers

33
Q

Who opposed to the New Deal?

A

Republicans, judge and radical politicians

34
Q

What did the republicans think of Roosevelt?

A

Saw him as a dictator as he controlled many aspects of Americans lives and that the New Deal was interfering too much

35
Q

Why was it significant that the judge was concerned the New Deal undermines state law?

A

The court was dominated by republicans who extended the role of federal government too far

36
Q

How did Roosevelt respond to the judge not liking the New Deal?

A

Threatened to create six more Supreme Court judges that would support his policies and vote out republican judges

37
Q

Whose beliefs were similar to the radical politicians and what were they?

A

To the democrats who believed Roosevelt wasn’t doing enough

38
Q

How did African Americans benefited from the New Deal?

A

From the slum clearance and housing projects

39
Q

How many African Americans gained beliefs from who?

A

Around 200,000 from the Civilian Conservation Corps and other New Deal agencies

40
Q

Why did Roosevelt fail to pass laws against lynching black Americans?

A

He feared the democrat senators in the southern states wouldn’t support him

41
Q

Why did many African Americans not benefit form many New Deal agencies?

A

They were discriminatory so the blacks either got no work or received worse treatment and wages

42
Q

How did the New Deal help society?

A

Brought Americans faith in the government

43
Q

How did confidence remain low after the deal?

A

Throughout the 1930s, Americans only spent and invested about 75% of what they had before 1929

44
Q

What did the New Deal manage to cut?

A

The number of business failures

45
Q

How did the New Deal fail to help women?

A

Only about 8000 women were involved in the CCC as most programmes only aimed to help male manual workers rather than women

46
Q

Give an example of how the New Deal helped women

A

Eleanor Roosevelt became and important campaigner on social issues

47
Q

How did the New Deal fail to help unemployment?

A

There were 6 million unemployed in 1941 and only the USAs entry to WWII helped to end unemployment

48
Q

Give some forms of popular culture in the 1930s

A

Sport, team work, listening to the radio and cinema

49
Q

Give an example of how radios were part of the popular culture in the 1930s

A

Soap operas were played over time periods like ‘Our Gal Sunday’ was played over a 5 week period through radios

50
Q

how many homes had radios in what year

A

20 million in 1939

51
Q

Give an example of how cinema was part of popular culture in the 1930s

A

‘Swing time’ helped people empathise with characters helping them get over the Great Depression

52
Q

What popular cultures show continuity with the boom in the American economy?

A

Radio affected the boom from mass production and you needed money to buy tickets to watch sports games

53
Q

How did popular culture develop as a result of the boom?

A

People engaged in activities to cheer themselves up and radio was used in Roosevelt’s speeches

54
Q

How did popular culture show developments within society?

A

Shows technology has improved as everyone has a radio

55
Q

What were most channels on a radio for and did it continue from the boom, developed due to the Great Depression or developed within society after the depression ended?

A

Most were commercial stations for advertising goods, this continued from the boom

56
Q

Why were cars helpful to the development of sport and did this continue from the boom, develop due to the Great Depression or develop within society after the depression ended?

A

Cars meant people could travel to the games, continued from the boom

57
Q

In 1940, what film reflected on the hard times during the Great Depression?

A

‘Grapes of wrath’

58
Q

How did people get over the Depression with the film ‘swing time’?

A

Through the lyrics: ‘pick yourself up, dust yourself of and start all over again’

59
Q

How did sport interest more women and did this continue from the boom, develop due to the Great Depression or develop within society after the depression ended?

A

By giving free admissions to women, this developed within society as the Depression ended

60
Q

What linked radio and sport and did this continue from the boom, develop due to the Great Depression or develop within society after the depression ended?

A

As if some people couldn’t travel to a game, they could listen to matches live on their radio, this developed within society after the Depression

GCSE History - USA (16 decks)

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