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Health and Disease: Cell biology > The Neuronal Cell > Flashcards

The Neuronal Cell Flashcards

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AP® Biology flashcards Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

What structures are contained on/in the soma?

A

Nissl bodies, lipofusin clumps, neurofibrils
Dendrites made up of specialised contact surfaces
hillock, trigger zone, inital segment,

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2
Q

What speed of conduction is produced by the myelin sheath?

A

100m/s

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3
Q

How is multiple sclerosis caused?

A

Inflammatory disease and autoimmune attack of the schwann cells

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4
Q

What cellular organelle is lacking in the axon?

A

ER

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5
Q

What muscle groups are innervated by the autonomic branch?

A

Smooth, cardic (involuntary muscle)

glands

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6
Q

What are the functional classes?

A

sensory/afferent
interneuron
motor/efferent

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7
Q

What are the structural classes?

A

Multipolar with multiple dendrites
Bipolar with one axon, one dendrite
Unipolar with cell body not in linear route

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8
Q

Where are unipolar neurons found?

A

Sensory information

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9
Q

How are unipolar neurons found?

A

Fusion of axon and dendrite in embryonic stage

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10
Q

Where are multipolar neurons found?

A

Brain and spine (CNS)

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11
Q

Where are bipolar neurons found?

A

retina
olfactory
ear

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12
Q

What factors affect the rate of impulse?

A

Axon diameter
Axon properties
Presence of myelin

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13
Q

How do SNAREs act?

A

t/Q SNARES and v/R SNARES zip
Hemifusion to single bilayer by curvature tension
pore

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14
Q

How are SNAREs bound to membrane?

A

Lipid linked or integral proteins

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15
Q

What are examples of Q SNARES?

A

syntaxin

SNAP25

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16
Q

What are examples of v SNARES?

A

Synaptobrevin

17
Q

How are synapses implicated in neurodegeneration?

A

Reduced by misfold aggregation, formation of neurofibrillary tangles and extracellular plaques

18
Q

What are the neurodegenerative diseases?

A 
Parkinsons
Hungtingtons
Prion
Familial British Dementia
Amylotrophic lateral sclerosis
19
Q

How many neurotransmitters are there?

A

> 100

20
Q

What are the types of neurotransmitters?

A 
Organics
Amines
Amino acids
Peptides
Gases
21
Q

How can Alzhiemers be treated?

A

NMDA (excitory) Glu antagonists

Acetylcholinesterase inhibitors

Health and Disease: Cell biology (15 decks)

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