The Neurologic Examination Flashcards
What three cranial nerves exit from the jugular foramen?
glossopharyngeal (IX)
Vagus (X)
Accessory (XI)
Which cranial nerve exits through the cribriform plate?
olfactory (I)
Which four CNs exit through the superior orbital fissure?
oculomotor (III)
Trochlear (IV)
V1 of trigeminal (V)
Abducens (VI)
Where does the optic nerve (II) exit?
optic canal
The facial (VII) and vestibulocochlear (VIII) nerves exit through where?/
the internal auditory meatus
Which EOM is innervated by the trochlear nerve?
superior oblique
Which EOM is innervated by the abducens nerve?
lateral rectus
Which CN is the afferent and which is the efferent limb of the corneal reflex?
Trigeminal (V) is the afferent
Facial (VII) is the efferent
Which CN is the afferent and which is the efferent limb of the gag reflex?
Glossopharyngeal (IX) is the afferent limb
Vagus (X) is the efferent limb
Which nerve caries taste on the anterior two thirds of the tongue/ How about posterior third?
anterior = facial posterior = glossopharyngeal
What is the grading system for strength testing?
0 - no muscle contraction
1- flicker or trace of contraction visible or felt
2 - active movement at joint WITH GRAVITY ELIMINATED
3 - active movement AGAINST GRAVITY
4 - active movement against gravity and SOME RESISTANCE
5 - normal power
How does one test the Hoffmann sign?
you flick the distal phalynx of the middle finger while observing for flexion of the thumb
What level/muscle/nerve is being tested with shoulder abduction?
deltoid, axillary nerve C5
What level/muscle/nerve is being tested with elbow flexion?
biceps
musculocutaneous nerve
C5 C6
What level/muscle/nerve is being tested with elbow extension
triceps
radial nerve
C7
What level/muscle/nerve is being tested with wrist extension?
extensors carpi radialis
C6,
ulnaris
C7 radial nerve
What level/muscle/nerve is being tested with wrist flexion?
flexors carpi radialis C7
median nerves
ulnaris C8, ulnar nerve
What level/muscle/nerve is being tested with finger extrension?
extensor digitorum
radial nerve
C7
What level/muscle/nerve is being tested with finger flexion?
flexors digitorum profundus and superficialis
median and ulnar
C8
What level/muscle/nerve is being tested with thumb abduction
abductory pollicis brevis
median nerve
T1
What level/muscle/nerve is being tested with finger abduction?
dorsal interossei
ulnar nerve
T1
What level/muscle/nerve is being tested with hip flexion?
iliopsoas
lumbar plexus and femoral nerve L1, L2
What level/muscle/nerve is being tested with hip extension?
gluteus maximus
inferior gluteal nerve
L5, S1, S3
What level/muscle/nerve is being tested with knee flexion?
hamstrings
sicatic nerve
L5, S1 and S2
What level/muscle/nerve is being tested with knee extension?
quadriceps femoris
femoral nervev
L3, L4
What level/muscle/nerve is being tested with ankle dorsiflexion?
tibialis anterior
deep peroneal
L4 L5
What level/muscle/nerve is being tested with ankle plantar flexion
gastrocnemius and soleus
sciatic nerve
S1 and S2
What level/muscle/nerve is being tested with dorsiflexion of the great toe?
extensor hallucis longus
deep peroneal L5
What level/muscle/nerve is being tested with ankle inversion?
tibialis posterior
tibial nerve
L4 L5
What level/muscle/nerve is being tested with ankle eeversion?
peroneal
superficial peroneal nerve
L5 S1
What are some of the tests used to examine coordination?
finger-nose-finger
heel-to-shin
rapid alternating movements
What is the term used to describe difficulty with rapid alternating movements?
dysdiadochokinesis
True or false: A positive Romberg is more likely to imply a deficit of joint position sense than cerebellar dysfunction.
true
What is the easiest test to bring out an ataxic gait?
tandem gait
