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BIO 30 > The Nervous System (Central & Peripheral Nervous System) > Flashcards

The Nervous System (Central & Peripheral Nervous System) Flashcards

1
Q

What are the two branches of the Nervous System?

A
  1. Central Nervous System (brain and spinal cord)
  2. Peripheral Nervous System
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2
Q

What are the two branches of the Peripheral Nervous System?

A
  1. Autonomic nervous system (communicates with internal organs and glands)
  2. Somatic Nervous System (communicates with sense organs and voluntary muscles)
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3
Q

What are the two branches of the Autonomic Nervous System?

A
  1. Sympathetic Division (arousing)
  2. Parasympathetic Division (calming)
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4
Q

What are the two branches of the Somatic Nervous System?

A
  1. Sensory (afferent) Nervous System (sensory input)
  2. Motor (efferent) Nervous System (motor output)
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5
Q

Composed of the Brain and Spinal Cord, the _______ Nervous System is the site of neural integration and processing.

A

CENTRAL

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6
Q

(TRUE OR FALSE) Damage to the CNS can affect everything from temperament and motor control to the maintenance of homeostasis depending on which region is harmed

A

TRUE

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7
Q

The CNS consists of two types of nervous tissue: ____ & _____ matter

A

Grey & White

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8
Q

The Brain is the centre for intelligence, consciousness, and emotion. It also regulates bodily functions without _________ thought (e.g. breathing)

A

conscious

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9
Q

What parts are included in the FOREBRAIN? (that matter in BIO 30)

A
  1. Cerebral Cortex (Cerebrum)
  2. Hypothalamus
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10
Q

What parts are included in the HINDBRAIN?

A
  1. Pons
  2. Cerebellum
  3. Medulla Oblongata
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11
Q

What is the largest part of the brain?

A

The Cerebral Cortex (or Cerebrum)

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12
Q

The Cerebrum is divided into left and right hemispheres, and can be further categorized into ____ main lobes.

A

FOUR

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13
Q

____ - Hemisphere: analytical and concrete

A

LEFT

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14
Q

_____ - Hemisphere: creative and abstract

A

RIGHT

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15
Q

(TRUE OR FALSE) Communication between the two hemispheres via the Corpus Callosum is essential for integrating functions

A

TRUE

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16
Q

_______ Lobe
- Conscious thought
- Intelligence, memory & personality
- VOLUNTARY muscle movement
- Broca’s area (language production)

A

FRONTAL

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17
Q

________ Lobe
- Somatosensory functions
- Touch
- Taste
- Processes information about body position

A

PARIETAL

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18
Q

________ Lobe
- Auditory Reception (hearing)
- Wernicke’s area (language comprehension)

A

TEMPORAL

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19
Q

_________ Lobe
- Processes visual information

A

OCCIPITAL

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20
Q

(TRUE OR FALSE) Brain damage can lead to language impairments, or aphasia

21
Q

Patients are unable to produce fluent speech but can understand what others are saying

A

Broca’s Aphasia

22
Q

Patients are able to produce fluent speech, but do not understand what they are saying/what is being said to them

A

Wernicke’s Aphasia

23
Q

What structure of the brain is this?
- Regulates homeostasis (hunger, thirst, temperature control)

A

Hypothalamus

24
Q

What structure of the brain is this?
- Regulates hormone release

A

Pituitary Gland

25
Q

What structure of the brain is this?
- Involved in sleep and arousal

26
Q

What structure of the brain is this?
- Regulates unconscious functions such as breathing and circulation

27
Q

What structure of the brain is this?
- Coordinates fine muscle movement and balance

A

Cerebellum

28
Q

The PNS consists of ______ that link the CNS to the rest of the body, including sensory organs, muscles, glands, and internal organs

29
Q

What are the two main divisions of the Peripheral Nervous System?

A
  1. The Autonomic System
  2. The Somatic System
30
Q

The _______ System
- voluntary control
- carries info from sensory receptors to skeletal muscles

31
Q

The _________ System
- involuntary control
- maintains homeostasis (breathing, heart rate)

32
Q

What are the subdivisions of the Autonomic System?

A
  1. Sympathetic
  2. Parasympathetic
33
Q

Which subdivision of the Autonomic System is this?
“Fight or Flight”
- Activated during stressful situations
- Release of epinephrine/norepinephrine (or adrenaline)

A

Sympathetic (S FOR STRESS)

34
Q

Which subdivision of the Autonomic System is this?
“Rest and Digest”
- Activated when body is calm and at rest
- Release of Acetylcholine

A

Parasympathetic

35
Q

Which Autonomic System is activated when Heart Rate is increased?

A

Sympathetic (STRESS)

36
Q

Which Autonomic System is activated when Heart Rate is decreased?

A

Parasympathetic (RELAX)

37
Q

Which Autonomic System is activated when Peristalsis is increased?

A

Parasympathetic (RELAX)

38
Q

Which Autonomic System is activated when Peristalsis is decreased?

A

Sympathetic (STRESS)

39
Q

Which Autonomic System is activated when Glucose Release is increased?

A

Sympathetic (STRESS)

40
Q

Which Autonomic System is activated when Glucose is stored (as glycogen)?

A

Parasympathetic (RELAX)

41
Q

Which Autonomic System is activated when Pupils are Dilated?

A

Sympathetic (STRESS)

42
Q

Which Autonomic System is activated when Pupils are Constricted?

A

Parasympathetic (RELAX)

43
Q

Which Autonomic System is activated when Urination is inhibited?

A

Sympathetic (STRESS)

44
Q

Which Autonomic System is activated when Urination is Promoted?

A

Parasympathetic (RELAX)

45
Q

Which Autonomic System is activated when Blood Flow is decreased?

A

Sympathetic (STRESS)

46
Q

Which Autonomic System is activated when Blood Flow is increased?

A

Parasympathetic (RELAX)

47
Q

Which Autonomic System is activated when Bronchioles are Dilated?

A

Sympathetic (STRESS)

48
Q

Which Autonomic System is activated when Bronchioles are Constricted?

A

Parasympathetic (RELAX)

BIO 30 (8 decks)

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