The nervous system-Central & Cranial Nerves

Question 1

Forebrain [Embryo:3weeks, Embryo:6 weeks, At birth(through to adult)]

Answer 1

E3:Prosencephalon,
E6:Telencephalon:Diencephalon
B:Cerebrum: Diencephalon

Question 2

Midbrain [Embryo:3weeks, Embryo:6 weeks, At birth(through to adult)]

Answer 2

E3: Mesencephalon
E6: Mesencephalon
B: (midbrain)Mesencephalon

Question 3

Hindbrain [Embryo:3weeks, Embryo:6 weeks, At birth(through to adult)]

Answer 3

E3: Rhombencephalon
E6:Metencephalon->Pons, Cerebellum
Myelencephalon-> Medulla Oblongata
B:->

Question 4

Cranial #1 [N,Foramen exits, innervation, function]

Answer 4

Olfactory, Cribriform plate, Sensory, Olfaction (smell)

Question 5

Cranial #2 [N,Foramen exits, innervation, function]

Answer 5

Optic, Optic Canal, Sensory ,Vision (sight)

Question 6

Cranial #3 [N,Foramen exits, innervation, function]

Answer 6

Oculomotor, Superior orbital fissure, Motor,
Movement of eyeballs and upper eyelid
Adjusts lens for near vision (accommodation)
Constriction of the pupil

Question 7

Cranial #4 [N,Foramen exits, innervation, function]

Answer 7

Trochlear , Superior orbital fissure, Motor, Movement of eyeballs

Question 8

Cranial #5 [N,Foramen exits, innervation, function]

Answer 8

Trigeminal, V1: superior orbital fissure, V2: foramen rotundum
V3: Foramen Ovale, Both Touch, pain, and thermal sensations from the scalp, face, and oral cavity (including the teeth and anterior 2/3 of the tongue)
Chewing and control of middle ear muscle

Question 9

Cranial #6 [N,Foramen exits, innervation, function]

Answer 9

Abducens, First exits the dura through Dorello’s Canal, and travels a long distance before exiting the skull at the superior orbital fissure ,Motor, Movement of eyeballs

Question 10

Cranial #7 [N,Foramen exits, innervation, function]

Answer 10

Facial, Auditory canal (stylomastoid foramen), Both, Taste from anterior 2/3 of tongue
Touch, pain, and thermal sensations from skin in external ear canal
Control of muscles of facial expression and middle ear muscle
Secretion of tears and saliva

Question 11

Cranial #8 [N,Foramen exits, innervation, function]

Answer 11

Vestibulocochlear,Auditory canal (stylomastoid foramen),Sensory,Hearing and equilibrium

Question 12

Cranial #9 [N,Foramen exits, innervation, function]

Answer 12

Glossopharyngeal, Jugular foramen, Both, Taste from posterior 1/3 of tongue
Proprioception in some swallowing muscles
Monitoring of blood pressure and oxygen and carbon dioxide levels in blood
Touch, pain, and thermal sensations from skin of external ear and upper pharynx
Assists in swallowing
Secretion of saliva

Question 13

Cranial #10 [N,Foramen exits, innervation, function]

Answer 13

Vagus, Jugular foramen,Both Taste from epiglottis
Proprioception from throat and voice box muscles
Monitoring of blood pressure and oxygen and carbon dioxide levels in blood
Touch, pain, and thermal sensations from skin of external ear
Sensations from thoracic and abdominal organs
Swallowing, vocalization, and coughing
Motility and secretion of gastrointestinal organs
Constriction of respiratory passageways
Decrease in heart rate

Question 14

Cranial #11 [N,Foramen exits, innervation, function]

Answer 14

Accessory, Jugular foramen (enters skull via foramen magnum) ,Motor,Movement of head and pectoral girdle

Question 15

Cranial #12 [N,Foramen exits, innervation, function]

Answer 15

Hypoglossal, Hypoglossal foramen (canal) , Motor ,

Speech, manipulation of food, and swallowing

Question 16

Superior rectus [Action, CN innvervation, Foramen]

Answer 16

A-Moves eyeballs superiorly (elevation) and medially (adduction) and rotates them medially (intorsion)
CN-Oculomotor (III) nerve
F-Common tendinous ring (optic foramen,canal)

Question 17

Inferior rectus [Action, CN innvervation, Foramen]

Answer 17

A-Moves eyeballs inferiorly (depression) and medially (adduction), and rotates them laterally (extorsion)
CN-Oculomotor (III) nerve
F-Common tendinous ring (optic foramen,canal)

Question 18

Lateral Rectus [Action, CN innvervation, Foramen]

Answer 18

A-Moves eyeballs laterally (abduction)
CN-Abducens (VI) nerve
F-Common tendinous ring (optic foramen,canal)

Question 19

Medial Rectus [Action, CN innvervation, Foramen]

Answer 19

A-Moves eyeballs medially (adduction)
CN-Oculomotor (III) nerve
F-Common tendinous ring (optic foramen,canal)

Question 20

Superior Oblique [Action, CN innvervation, Foramen]

Answer 20

A-Moves eyeballs inferiorly (depression) and laterally (abduction) and rotates them medially (intorsion)
CN-Trochelear (IV) nerve
F-Sphenoid bone, superior and medial to the common tendinous ring in the orbit

Question 21

Inferior oblique [Action, CN innvervation, Foramen]

Answer 21

A-Moves eyeballs superiorly (elevation) and laterally (abduction) and rotates them laterally (extorsion)
CN-Oculomotor (III) nerve
F-Maxilla in floor of orbit

Question 22

Levator palpebrae superioris [Action, CN innvervation, Foramen]

Answer 22

A-Elevates upper eyelids (opens) eyes
CN-Oculometer (III) nerve
F-Common tendinous ring (optic foramen,canal)

Question 23

Orbicularis oculi [Action, CN innvervation, Foramen]

Answer 23

A-Closes the eyes.
CN-Oculometer (III) nerve
F-Common tendinous ring (optic foramen,canal)