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A - Level Biopsychology > The Nervous System > Flashcards

The Nervous System Flashcards

1
Q

What is the nervous system?

A

Essentially a biological information highway and responsible for controlling all biological processes and movements in the body

It can also recieve information and interpret via electrical signals which are used

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2
Q

What is the human nervous system spilt into?

A
  • Central Nervous System (CNS)
  • Peripheral Nervous System (PNS)

(detects and sends electrical impulses used in the nervous system)

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3
Q

What does CNS consist of?

A
  • Brain
  • Spina cord
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4
Q

Why is CNS important?

A

It is responsible for recieveing and interpreting signals from the PNS

Also sends out signals to it via nerves either consciously or unconsciously

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5
Q

How many nerves that branch CNS To PNS (outisde CNS)?

A

43

These are motor neurones that carry signals away from CNS to PNS

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6
Q

What does the PNS consist of?

A

Mainly of neurones (nerve cells) that are bundles of fibres or axons that connect to one another and connect to CNS and other parts of the body

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7
Q

What do nerves do?

A

Transmit signals from brain called motor neurones

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8
Q

What is motor neurones responsible for?

A

Muscle contraction

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9
Q

What are sensory neurones?

A

Nerves that carry messages from PNS to CNS

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10
Q

What are relay neurones?

A

Connect sensory neurones to the motor neurones

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11
Q

What is the PNS further divided into?

A
  1. Somantic Nervous System
  2. Autonomic Nervous System
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12
Q

What is the somantic nervous system (SoNS) part of?

A

Perpherial Nervous System (PNS)

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13
Q

What is the somantic fibres responsible for?

A

Voluntary movement of body

i.e. movement you consciously think about doing

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14
Q

What does the SoNS recieve?

A

Messages from the sensory neurones

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15
Q

What type of impulses does the autonomic nervous system incorporate?

A

All impulses done involutarily

They govern all vital bodily functions e.g breathing , heart rate , digestion , sexual arousal and stress response

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16
Q

What does autonomic nervous system further spilt into?

A
  • Synpathetic nervous system
  • Parasymthetic nervous system

(keep one another in check in form of negative feedback as a release of insulin and glucagon in sugar control of blood)

17
Q

When is the sympathetic nervous system activated?

A

In cases of emergerncies to mobilse energy and often considered “fight or flight response”

18
Q

What is the parasympathetic nervous system responsible for?

A

“rest and digest” or “feed and breed” system

It is activated when organisms in relaxed state

19
Q

What do both sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous system have in common?

A

Both systems have opposite actions

where one system activates a physiological response and other inhibits it

20
Q

Diagram of divisions of nervoys system

A
21
Q

Summarise how the nervous system is sub-dividied

A
  • The nervous system is specialised network of cells
  • CNS is made up of brain and spinal cord
  • The brain is the centre of all conscious activties
  • The spinal cord is an extension of brain and responsible for refle actions
  • It passes messages to and from the brain connect nerves to PNS
  • PNS transmit messages via millions of neurons to nerve system -> ANS - > SNS
  • ANS governs vital functions in body such as breathing , heart rate and digestion
  • SNS controls muscle movement (fight or flight) and recieve info from sensory receptor
22
Q

Where is the PNS?

A

Outside of the CNS

23
Q

What does the PNS transfer?

A

Signals to CNS via neurones

subdivided into autonomic nervous system and

somantic nervous system

24
Q

What bodily functions does autonomic nervous system govern?

A
  • Breathing
  • Hear rate
  • Digestion
25
Q

Label up neurone

A
26
Q

Why and when sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous system?

A
  • When the stressor is percieved the hypothalamus triggers activity in sympathetic nervous system in ANS. ANS changes from its normal resting state (parasympathetic to sympathetic)
  • Stress hormone is released - adrenline from adrenal medulla into blood stream
  • Adrenaline triggers physicological changes in target organ eg heart rate increased
  • Once threat passed the parasympathetic nerous system returns to resting state (‘rest and digest’ response)

A - Level Biopsychology (5 decks)

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